Izinhlamvu zezinwele: isakhiwo nemisebenzi

Engxenyeni engezansi ye-follicle ukwakheka okukhulu kakhulu - i-papilla yezinwele, eyakheka ikakhulukazi kusuka kwezicubu ezithintekayo nenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi. I-papilla ilawula isimo nokukhula kwezinwele - uma i-papilla ifa, izinwele ziyafa, uma i-papilla isinda, kukhula okusha esikhundleni sezinwele ezifile. Amaseli we-papilla wezinwele, ebona ithonya le-protein 6 ye-bone morphogenetic etholakala yi-"niche" yethishu, athole amandla okufaka ukwakheka kwe-follicle entsha, enza umehluko wamaseli we-epidermal stem.

Imisipha yezinwele

Isicubu esinciphisa izinwele sinamathele ku-follicle engezansi kwe-sebaceous gland (musculus arrector cho), ehlanganisa izicubu ezibushelelezi. Ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezithile zokusebenza kwengqondo, njengokufutheka noma ukuvusa umkhuhlane kanye nokubandayo, lo msipha uphakamisa izinwele, yingakho igama elithi “izinwele limi ekugcineni” laphuma.

Ezinye Izakhiwo Hlela

Ezinye izingxenye ze-follicle yezinwele ziyi-sebaceous (imvamisa 2-3) kanye nezindlala zamathumbu, ezakha ifilimu evikela ebusweni besikhumba.

Kunezigaba ezintathu zokukhula kwe-follicular: i-anagen (isikhathi sokukhula), i-catagen (ukuguqulwa kusuka esigabeni esisodwa kuya kwesinye) kanye ne-telogen (dormancy). Kungenzeka ukuthi umjikelezo wezinwele uqala nge-catagen. I-atrophy ye-papilla iqala kulesi sigaba, ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlukaniswa kweseli kwe-bulb yezinwele kuyayeka bese kuthi keratinized. I-Catagen ilandelwa yisigaba se-telogen esifushane. Iningi lokulahleka kwezinwele yi-telogen. Isigaba se-telogen sidlulela esigabeni se-anagen, esihlukaniswe izikhathi ezi-6 zentuthuko. Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwe-anagen, umjikelezo omusha wezinwele uqala.

Imvamisa, kumuntu ophilile, u-80-90% wezinwele usesiteji se-anagen, i-10-15% esiteji se-telogen no-1-2% esiteji se-catagen.

Isakhiwo sezinwele

Izinwele ngayinye emzimbeni womuntu zakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko:

Isilevu sezinwele. Le yingxenye ebonakalayo ekhuphuka ngaphezu kwesikhumba.
Izimpande zezinwele. Leli igama lengxenye yezinwele ezingabonakali ezifihlwe ngaphakathi kwesikhumba esikhethekile - ishekele sezinwele.

Isigaxa sezinwele uqobo, kuhlanganiswa nezinhlaka eziseduze, zakha i-follicle yezinwele.

Umjikelezo wezinwele zabantu. Izigaba

Umjikelezo Wezinwele Zomuntu Kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izigaba:
— telogen - isigaba sokuphumula sezinwele: izinwele zibanjwa esikhwameni ngenxa yokuxhunyaniswa kwe-interellular, kepha umsebenzi we-metabolic ku-follicle ulincane, i-follicle izodlulela esigabeni esilandelayo (anagen) ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ngenxa yokususwa kwezinwele ze-telogen kuyo,

— i-anagen - Isigaba somsebenzi esiphezulu se-metabolic, ihlukaniswe nge-proanagen ne-methanagen:
a) Isigaba esithi "proanagen»:
Isigaba I - ukwenziwa kusebenze kokuqanjwa kwe-RNA kumaseli we-papilla, ukuqala kokusebenza kweseli le-germ ngaphansi kwesisekelo se-sac,
Isigaba II - ukukhula kwefollicle yezinwele ngokujulile,
Isigaba III - ukwakheka kwesigaxa sowesifazane sangasese wezimpande ngenxa yokwanda kwamaseli we-matrix (lapho ifolishi lifinyelela kubude bawo obukhulu),
Isiteji IV - izinwele zisengaphakathi kwe-vagina yezimpande, amafomu we-keratogenic zone ngaphansi komlomo wesibeletho se-sebaceous, ama-dendrites avela kuma-melanocyte - okuyisibonakaliso sokwanda kwe-metabolism kanye nokuqala kokukhiqizwa kwe-melanin,
Isigaba V - isihlakala sezinwele sidlula kwisigaxa sowesifazane sangasese wezimpande,

b) Isigaba "methanagen": Ukubonakala kwezinwele ebusweni besikhumba,
— ukhokho - ukuncishiswa kanye nokuqothuka kancane kancane komsebenzi we-matotic we-matrix, resorption ye-melanocyte dendrites, indawo yokugcina yezinwele incishiswa ngopende futhi i-keratinized, ifinyeza, iqinise futhi ibenqwabelana kobuningi bezitho zomzimba kanye nolwelwesi lwesitho sangasese esine-papilla olusondela ebusweni, ukuhlakazeka kwensalela yangaphakathi. amaseli ahlukaniswe keratinized, futhi agcinwa ngenxa yezibopho zalawa maseli ezinamaseli angenawo ama-keratinized phansi kweshesa, i-papilla idonswa ngokuqinile kuyi-epidermis, ukuvezwa kwe-E- ne-P-cadherins ku-epithelial stria ye-follicle ecindezelayo kuyathuthukiswa.

Kuvuliwe umzimba womuntu cishe u-85-90% wezinwele usesigabeni se-anagen, cishe i-1% - esigabeni se-catagen, 9-14% - esigabeni se-telogen. Isikhathi sesigaba: i-anagen - ukusuka eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwengama-5 (okulula ukuyikhumbula njengezinsuku eziyi-1000), i-catagen - amaviki ama-2-3 (izinsuku eziyi-15 - 20), i-telogen - izinsuku eziyi-100. Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso se-anagen ezinweleni ze-telogen ngu-9: 1. Amasayizi we-tslogey follicle anciphise izikhathi eziphindwe kathathu kune-follicle ye-anagen.

Esikhathini esithile phakathi kokuphela ukhokho nokuqala kwesigaba esisha se-anagen, isheya lezinwele lisuswa ngokuqinile ku-follicle, emva kwalokho izindlela zokuvuselela ukukhula kwezinwele ezintsha zivulwe. Izindlela ezibhekene nalokhu kulahleka kwezinwele okusebenzayo okwamanje azikaziwa. Kuhlongozwe igama elithi "exogen" ukukhombisa lesi sigaba sokusebenza esisebenzayo.

Izinwele zikhula kanjani?

Izinwele - okususelwa ku-epermermis, igobolondo elingaphandle lakhiwa isikali se-keratin, ngokulandelana ngokulandelana. Ingxenye ebonakalayo yezinwele ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi umnyombo, kuthi okungaphakathi, ngaphansi kobukhulu besikhumba, kubizwe ngokuthi impande noma isibabule. Izimpande zezinwele zizungezwe uhlobo lwesikhwama - ifolda yezinwele, esesimweni lapho uhlobo lwezinwele lincike ngqo: ama-curls ama-curly akhula kusuka ku-follicle ebunjwe yinso, kancane i-curly (wavy) kusuka kuma-oval, futhi iqonde kusuka nxazonke.

Unwele ngalunye luqukethe izingqimba ezintathu. Owokuqala (ongaphandle), obizwa ngokuthi yi-cuticle yezinwele, wenza umsebenzi wokuvikela. Eyesibili (phakathi nendawo) i-cortex. Siqukethe amaseli afile, anikeze izinwele amandla namandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pigment (melanin) igxiliswa ku-cortex, enquma umbala wemvelo wezinwele. Kuwona kanye maphakathi wezinwele kukhona into yobuchopho (medule), equkethe imigqa eminingana yamangqamuzana e-keratin kanye nemithambo yomoya. Kukholelwa ukuthi i-cortex ne-cuticle kudliwa ngale ngqimba - lokhu, empeleni, kungachaza ushintsho esimweni sezinwele ezifweni ezihambisana nokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba emzimbeni. Ukukhula kwezinwele kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli wezinwele we-undifferentiated (infature). Le nqubo ithobela imithetho ethile yemvelo futhi ifaka nezigaba eziningana, esizobuye sidingide ngazo.

I-Anagen (isigaba sokukhula)

I-Anagen isikhathi sokukhula kwezinwele ezisebenzayo, esihlala isilinganiso seminyaka emi-2 kuye kweli-6. Ngobudala, lesi sigaba sifushaniswa kakhulu (kubantu asebekhulile, njengomthetho, sihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emi-3). I-Anagen ihlukaniswe izigaba eziningana:

Amaseli we-bulb wezinwele aqala ukukhula ngosayizi, kukhona ukuvela okusebenzayo kwe-ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Isibazi sezinwele singena shí emgodini, sakha ulwelwesi lwezicubu oluxhumekile - isikhwama sezinwele. I-papilla ingena engxenyeni engezansi ye-follicle, ukwakheka okubandakanya izicubu ezixakile, imithambo yegazi emincane nezinqubo zezinzwa. Amangqamuzana we-Bulb, ayanda ngenkuthalo, aba yingxenye yezinwele futhi aqinisekise ukukhula kwawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwahlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwamaseli ahlukanisiwe kuyaqhubeka, bese i-follicle kuleli qophelo lifinyelela ubude bayo obuphakeme (ubude obuphindwe kathathu esigabeni sokuphumula). I-papilla iba ngokuphelele. Amangqamuzana e-epidermal melanocyte akhona phakathi kwamaseli we-follicle matrix eduze nefomu lezinwele le-melillain melanin (anesibopho sombala wezinwele). Igobolondo elingaphandle le-follicle lithatha isimo sesigaxa, sinwebeka kusuka phezulu. Kamuva, amaseli we-epithelial, ngaphansi keratinization, azophenduka ubuchopho kanye nezinto ze-cortical.
Kulesi sigaba, amaseli we-melanocyte aqala ukukhiqiza i-pigment, futhi izinwele, esevele zakhekile ngokugcwele, azihambi ngaphezu kwemingcele ye-follicle, eqhubeka ikhula.
I shaft yezinwele eyakhiwe ikhula iye emngceleni ongenhla we-epidermal ungqimba, i-bulb (impande yezinwele) ithola kancane kancane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ijamo eliqediwe (lingaba yindilinga ebunjiwe noma ilandwe).
Esigabeni sokugcina se-anagen, sha sha lezinwele liqala ukukhuphuka ngaphezu kobuso besikhumba, lilandelwe yisigaba sokushintsha. Isikhathi sesigaba sokukhula kwezinwele esisebenzayo sehlukile kumuntu ngamunye (kuya ngezici eziningi, kufaka phakathi izakhi zofuzo).

Isibonelo esivelele kakhulu sesigaba se-anagen yinhloko yengane esanda kuzalwa. Okokuqala, imbozwe ngombala ongabonakali obonakalayo, bese kuthi emva kwesikhathi esithile bese kuthi okokubamba izinwele (ezibukhali nezinemibala) ziqale ukukhula kuwo, okuthi ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa ziphenduke izinwele ezigcwele.

I-Catagen (isigaba esiphakathi)

Ngemuva kwesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo, izinwele ziqala ukuphumula, phakathi lapho shaft izinwele zingabe zisakhula. Izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuphilayo zisakwazi ukwenzeka kuwo, kepha ubude bawo abukhuphuki. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngalesi sikhathi ukulethwa kwama-follicle ngezakhi kuyaphela, bese i-follicle iqala ukuncipha kancane kancane, inciphe kakhulu ngosayizi. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-melanin iyayeka ukwenziwa. I-Catagen ithathwa njengesigaba esifushane kunazo zonke, ngoba isikhathi sayo asikho ngaphezu kwamasonto ayi-2-3.

I-Telogen (isigaba sokuphumula)

Isigaba esiphakathi sokukhula kwezinwele siphela ngesigaba sokuphumula (sokuphumula), esihlukaniswe ngombandela nge-telogen yasekuqaleni nasekupheleni. Isimo - ngoba abanye ochwepheshe bathi isigaba sokuqala sokulibala esiteji esedlule (esiphakathi nendawo), ne-telogen sekwedlule isikhathi sihlukaniswe ngomjikelezo ohlukile, obizwa nge-exogen. Kepha sizobheka ukwahlukaniswa okwamukelwa ngokujwayelekile:

I-telogen yakudala iyisigaba kumjikelezo wempilo wezinwele lapho isibani saso singasebenzi. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-dermal papilla ingena esimweni sokuphumula, futhi ukondliwa kwezimpande zezinwele kuyeke ngokuphelele. Kulokhu, i-shaft yezinwele isengaqhubeka inamathiselwe engxenyeni engezansi yefollicle bese ithola amasiginali ngemicu esindweni se-intercellular. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukususwa kwemvelo kwezinwele esigabeni se-telogen kuhlanganisa ukuqala kwesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo kwezinwele ezintsha. Nsuku zonke, umuntu ulahlekelwa izinwele ezingafinyelela ku-100 telogen (kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, ukulahleka kwezinwele eziyi-150-200 kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile). Isikhathi salesi sikhathi sikumaphakathi nezinyanga ezi-2-3.
I-telogen esekupheleni yisigaba sokugcina lapho kufa kwemvelo kwezinwele nokulahleka kwayo kwenzeka. Isigaxa sezinwele esizungeze isibani siphumule, futhi izinwele zibanjwa kuphela yisikhumba, ngakho-ke singawa ngaphandle kokuvezwa. Imvamisa, le nto yenzeka lapho izinwele ezintsha, ezisafufusa kuphela ziqala ukucindezela okudala. Bese kuthi futhi kufika isigaba sokuqala sokujikeleza kwempilo yezinwele - i-anagen. Ingozi enkulu yesigaba sekwephuzile kwe-dormancy ilele eqinisweni lokuthi phakathi kwayo amaseli ezimpande angafa (ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene), bese ama-follicles maqondana nalokhu angalahlekelwa yikhono lokukhiqiza izinwele ezintsha (ngaleyo ndlela i-alopecia ikhula).

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kubantu abaphilile, imvamisa cishe ama-85-90% azo zonke izinwele asesigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo, u-1-2% esigabeni esiphakathi, no-10- 15% ngokuphumula. Ngokusho kwezifundo emkhakheni we-trichology, ukulahleka kwezinwele okukhulu (ulwelwe) kuhambelana noshintsho kwesilinganiso esingenhla. Kalula nje, izinwele ziqala ukuncipha ngokungenakubalwa lapho iphesenti lezinwele ezigabeni ze-anagen ne-catagen lincipha, kanti namaphesenti wezinwele ze-telogen, ngokuhlukile, anda. Kulokhu, kungabhekwa kaningi ukuthi isizukulwane ngasinye sezinwele sihluke ngezimpawu (ubukhulu, umbala nobude obungahle bube khona) kwesokuqala (ziba buthaka, zibe buthaka futhi ziphele).

Uma kungekho sinyathelo esithathwayo lapho izigaba zokukhula kwezinwele ziphazamiseka, le nqubo ingahle ibe yisisekelo, bese izihlungi zezinwele zizoqhamuka futhi ngeke zikwazi ukukhiqiza izinwele ezintsha. Futhi lokhu, kusongela ukubonakala kweziqalo ezaziyimpandla, ezizokhula ngosayizi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma sikhuluma ngokwelashwa kwe-alopecia, umongo wayo ngokuyinhloko uvala ukulingana phakathi kwezigaba zokujikeleza kwempilo yezinwele nokususa izinto ezidala ukuphazamiseka okunjalo. Ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqashwa kukachwepheshe, ngoba nguyena kuphela ongaxilonga onolwazi futhi akhethe uhlelo olufanele lokwelashwa.

Iziphi izinto ezingathinta ukukhula kwezinwele?

Izici ezahlukahlukene zingathonya ukukhula kwezinwele, kodwa ikakhulukazi phakathi kwazo kufanelekile ukugqamisa okulandelayo:

Isikhathi sosuku. Sekuyisikhathi eside kufakazelwa ukuthi ubude bezinduku zezinwele ekuseni nakusihlwa banda ngokushesha okukhulu kunasebusuku nasebusuku. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi izinqubo eziningi zezimonyo okuhloswe ngazo ukusheshisa ukukhula kwama-curls zinconywa ngaphambi kokulala.
Isikhathi. Inqubo yokukhula kwezinwele ingafaniswa nomjikelezo wempilo wezitshalo, odlula kuwo unyaka wonke. Ama-Curls akhula kakhulu ngentshiseko entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kepha ngezikhathi ezibandayo, ukukhula kwawo kuncishiswa kakhulu.
Uhlobo lwezinwele. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izinwele eziqondile zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu kunezinwele ze-wavy (lokhu kungenzeka kungenxa yobuchopho besakhiwo sezimpawu kanye nokwakheka kwezinwele ngokwazo).
Isizungu. Into ebalulekile enomphumela oqondile kumjikelezo wempilo wezinwele. Abantu abanezihlobo zabo eziseduze eziqale ukulahlekelwa izinwele zabo kusenesikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi bahlangane nenkinga efanayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo zokwakheka kwezinwele nokukhula zinobuhlobo obusondelene nesimo esijwayelekile somzimba, ukondleka nendlela yokuphila, futhi ngisho nomjaho wakhe. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwabamele umjaho wamaMongoloid, indlela yokuphila yezinwele ende kakhulu kunaphakathi kwabaseYurophu nabase-Asiya, kepha owokugcina "angaqhosha" izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokukhula namandla we-curls.

Ungakusheshisa kanjani ukukhula kwezinwele: izincomo ezijwayelekile

Ukuze ukhuphule izinga lokukhula kwama-curls futhi uthuthukise isimo sawo esijwayelekile, kufanelekile ulalele izeluleko ezilandelayo:

Ukunakekelwa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuyalulekwa ukuthi ususe noma okungenani unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi okushisa aphezulu namakhemikhali wokudaya nokugunda izinwele.
Akufanele ulondoloze izimonyo zama-curls, kungcono ukuthenga imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu enenani elincane lezakhi zamakhemikhali.
Ukugcina ama-curls esesimweni esinempilo, udinga ukubanikeza umsoco ofanele ovela ngaphakathi. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokufaka ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke inani elanele lokudla okugcwele amavithamini kanye namaminerali, noma ngokuthatha ama-vitamin complexes (izifundo).
Ukuqhakambisa ukukhula kwezinwele, kubalulekile ukwenza i-massage yekhanda ngokuhlelekile. Kuyasiza ukwenza ngcono ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi kusheshise ukuhamba kwezakhi zomsoco nomoya-mpilo ezinsaleleni. Ungahlikihla usebenzisa ibhulashi ekhethekile noma nje ngezandla zakho.
Ngaphezu kokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, kunconyelwa ukwenza njalo imaski emikhiqizweni yemvelo engasheshisa ukukhula kwezinwele - uwoyela wemifino, izithako zemifino kanye nama-decoctions, amavithamini.

Ukuba nomqondo wokuthi izinwele zikhula kanjani nokuthi ziphi izigaba ezidlula kuzo, kusukela ekuqaleni kwazo kuze kube sesikhathini sokufa okungokwemvelo, singazama okungenani ukuyilawula le nqubo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukunamathela emithethweni elula yokunakekela izinwele, njalo uyihlinze ngokuvikelwa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezingezinhle, futhi uvimbele futhi welaphe izifo ezinomthelela ekuphazamisweni komjikelezo wempilo wezinwele.

Greasy hair anatomy kanye nokudla kwendlala

Izinwele ngamunye uqukethe izinto ezimbili eziyinhloko: umnyombo nezimpande.

Izimpande zezinwele ziluhlobo lwe-mini-organ. Umjikelezo wempilo wezinwele wonke uncike kuwo. Usayizi wefollicle ungahluka ngokuya esigabeni sokukhula kwawo.

Esisekelo se-follicle kunepapilla encane. Le nto iqukethe ama-capillaries amaningi, imithambo ye-lymph nezicubu ezixhunyiwe. Inikeza ukugcwaliswa kwe-follicle ngegazi kanye nezinto ezisebenzayo zokulandela umkhondo.

I-papilla yezinwele izungezwe yisibalo esesimweni sesigqoko. Le nto ihlinzeka ukukhula kwezinwele. Izindlala ze-sebaceous nezithukuthuku, kanye nomsipha ongagudluki obhekene nokuqondisa nokuxinana kwefollicle, zihambisana isibani.

I-follicle futhi iqukethe amaseli akhethekile - ama-melanocyte. Bakhiqiza i-pigment melanin, eyakha umbala wezinwele. Ngobudala, umsebenzi we-melanocyte wehlisa ijubane, futhi ungqimba we-medullary ugcwaliswa ngenani elikhulu lama-bubble emoyeni. Lokhu kuholela izinwele ezimpunga.

Ingaphakathi liyingxenye yezinwele ezitholakala ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Umongo uqukethe izingqimba ezi-3:

Ungqimba we-medullary uyinto yobuchopho egcwele ama-athomu omoya.
Ungqimba lwe-cortical (noma into esemqoka) ungqimba olubunjiwe oluqukethe imicu eminingi yekeratin.
Ingqimba engaphandle (i-cuticle) igobolondo elincanyana elivikela izinwele ekulimaleni kwemishini kanye nakwezokushisa.

Umjikelezo wezinwele kanye ne-Bulb

Ekukhuleni kwayo, i-follicle yezinwele idlula ezigabeni ezi-3 eziphambili:

I-Anagen - isikhathi somsebenzi omkhulu we-follicle. Kulesi sigaba, kukhona ukwahlukana okungapheli kwamaseli nokukhula okusheshayo kwezinwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi se-anagen, ukwakheka okusheshayo kwe-melanin kwenzeka. Lesi sigaba sokukhula sihlala iminyaka emi-2 kuye kwemi-5, emva kwalokho izinwele ziye esigabeni esilandelayo.
I-Catagen yisigaba esiphakathi sokukhula esingahlala ngaphansi kwenyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli iyancipha, emva kwalokho isibani sikhishwe emgudwini we-sac.
I-Telogen isigaba sokuqala kumjikelezo wezinwele. Kulesi sigaba, inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli imile ngokuphelele, i-follicle iyafa bese iwela ngaphandle ngenduku.

Izifo zazo zonke izinhlobo zama-follicles ekhanda: ukuvuvukala nokubhujiswa

Ukuncipha kwe-Follicle kungukuphazamiseka okuhambisana nokwenziwa kwesibindi. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuncipha kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezela. Ngokuthuthumela okunamandla okungokomzwelo, izicubu zemisipha engakhethi futhi inciphise isibani, okuholela ekuguqukeni nasekufeni kancane kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuncipha kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lamahomoni athile. Ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-dihydrotestosterone emzimbeni, izinkontileka ze-follicle bese kancane kancane zincipha.

Lesi sifo kufanele selashwa ukuze singalahli zonke izinwele

Imaski yokubuyisela kanye nezinye izidakamizwa izosiza i-follicles yokulala

I-Follicular atrophy yisifo esikhula ngemuva kwesizinda sokulimala kwe-bulb. Ukwelashwa okungafani nezinwele ezenzelwe ukugcwala kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi kancane kancane bayayeka ukukhula noma bakhule babe mncane futhi bangabi namibala. Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kufaka iqoqo lezinqubo ezihlose ukuqinisa izimpande zezinwele nokunciphisa inqubo yokufa kwazo. Nge-atrophy, i-trichologist inquma izidakamizwa ezivuselelayo, ukubuyisela imaski nokuhlanza ikhanda.

Ukulala ama-follicles wezinwele - isifo esibonakaliswa ukuqedwa komsebenzi obalulekile wezimpande. I-follicle elele, njengomthetho, ayiphumi. Kungatholwa ngokuhlolwa kwesikroskopu kwesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, isibhebhe sokulala siyayeka ukukhiqiza izinwele ezintsha. Ngenxa yalokhu, abantu bakha amabala ezimpandla. Lesi sifo sidinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside nokuqashelwa yi-trichologist.

Ukuchazwa kwesakhiwo nezigaba zokuthuthuka kwama-follicle

I-follicle iyinkimbinkimbi yezitho ezimbalwa zezitho ezungeze impande yezinwele. Isithombe saso esikhulisiwe osibona esithombeni. I-follicles itholakala ungqimba lwe-dermal futhi idla ngemithambo yegazi emincane efanelekayo.

Isakhiwo se-follicle sezinwele - umdwebo wesigaba

Ihlanganiswe njani i-follicle?

Ukwakheka kwalesi sitho kulula kakhulu:

I-bulb yezinwele (i-dermal papilla) ukwakheka kwezicubu ezixhunyiwe engxenyeni engezansi yefollicle equkethe imithambo yegazi nemisipha yezinzwa angena kuyo umoya-mpilo kanye nomsoco. Banikeza ukuhlukaniswa kweseli okuqhubekayo kwesibalo, esibhekele ukukhula kanye nesimo sezinwele.

Ukuze kubhekwe Uma izinwele zisuswe, kepha i-dermal papilla ihlala isendaweni, khona-ke izinwele ezintsha zizophuma kuyo.

I-follicular funnel ukucindezelwa ku-epermermis lapho izinwele ziya ebusweni besikhumba. Imisipha yezindlala ze-sebaceous ivulekela kuyo.
Izinduna ze-sebaceous nezithukuthuku, eziyingxenye ye-follicle, zinesibopho sokuthambisa nokuthambisa izinwele, zinikeze ukuguquguquka, ukuqina futhi kukhanye, kwakha ifilimu evikela ebusweni besikhumba.
I-vagina yezimpande ye-follicle "yisikhwama" esinengxenye ezintathu lapho izimpande zezinwele zitholakala khona. Amaseli wobubanzi bawo bangaphakathi ayabandakanyeka ekwakhekeni kwezinwele.
Imisipha yezinwele, etholakala ngaphansi kwezinduna ze-sebaceous, iphakamisa izinwele lapho zivezwa injabulo ebandayo noma yezinzwa.

Ukuze kubhekwe Kungukukhubazeka kwemisipha ebushelelezi yale misipha ebangela leyo mizwa abathi ngayo "izinwele ekhanda ziyahamba."

Izigaba zokuthuthuka

I-follicles yezinwele ihlala idlula ezigabeni ze-cyclic zokuphumula nokukhula:

I-Anagen yisigaba sokukhula, isikhathi esinqunywa ngofuzo futhi sihlala isilinganiso seminyaka engama-2-4. Kulesi sigaba, umuntu ophilile unezinwele ezingaba ngu-85%.
I-Catagen, ehlala amasonto angama-2-3 futhi ethinta cishe u-1-2% wezinwele, kuyisigaba esiguqukayo lapho ukuncipha kwamangqamuzana kuncishiswa, bayeka ukwahlukana.
I-Telogen yisigaba sokuphumula se-follicle, esihlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu, lapho izinwele eziyekile ukukhula zikhula. Ngemuva kwalokho umjikelezo uphinda kuqala.

Zonke izigaba zentuthuko

Okusho ukuthi, izinwele ezisahlala emabhulashini ngemuva kokuhlanganisa yiwona osuphumele obala futhi wenza indawo yabasha. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi isigaba se-telogen siyabambezeleka, ama-bulbs angafuni ukuvuka futhi asebenze, okuholela ekunciphiseni izinwele.

Ungavusa kanjani ama-bulbs amnyama

Izinkinga eziningi zezinwele zihambisana nokungondleki kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwama-follicle. Futhi bavame ukuphatha ukubhekana ngezandla zabo, basebenzise izindlela ezilula njengokugcoba, ukusika imaski, njll.

Ithiphu. Ngaphambi kokuthatha izinyathelo zokulwa nokulahleka kwezinwele, thintana nodokotela oyi-trichologist.
Uchwepheshe uzonquma imbangela yenkinga bese eluleka ukwelashwa. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okungathi sína.

Uma ubunzima obunjalo buchaziwe noma ufuna ukuvimbela, imiyalo elandelayo izokusiza ulondoloze izinwele ezinempilo.

Ngemuva kokucwilisa, hlikihla njalo isileli esiminyene somjikelezo.. Izandla zomunwe kufanele zisuke emathempelini ziye ezingxenyeni ze-occipital nezangaphakathi enkabeni.

Ukuzilolonga kwekhanda

Yenza imaski evuselelayo ngezikhathi ezithile. Izithako zabo eziyinhloko i-anyanisi, i-garlic kanye nejusi le-aloe, u-lwesinaphi wezinwele. Kubo, uma ufisa, ungangeza uju, isikhupha seqanda, i-oatmeal, kanye namafutha ahlukahlukene wezimonyo. Ngemuva kokuxuba ngokuphelele, le ngxube ibhaxwa esikhumbeni futhi ineminyaka engama-30-50, emva kwalokho ihlanzwe ngamanzi afudumele.
Sebenzisa isishoshovu sokukhula kwezinwele, esiyingxenye yama-shampoos akhethekile wezokwelapha, ama-lotion namafutha.

Isishoshovu Sokukhula Kwezinwele siza ngezindlela eziningi

Ukuze kubhekwe Isishoshovu esihle kakhulu yi-burdock ne-castor oil. Zisetshenziswa zodwa noma njengengxenye yemaski eyondlayo. Intengo yabo ekhemisi ishibhile kakhulu.

Isakhiwo se-Follicle:

Izinwele (dermal) papilla - Ukwakheka kwezicubu ezisebenzayo engxenyeni engezansi ye-follicle nokuyixhuma esikhunjeni. I-papilla iqukethe imicu yezinzwa nemithambo yegazi, okuthi kuyo kutholakale okunomsoco ne-oxygen kumaseli ahlala ehlukanisa isibabule. Ngokwesimo, ifana nelambu lekhandlela. Umsebenzi wayo ukulawula isimo nokukhula kwezinwele. Uma i-papilla ifa, izinwele ziyafa. Kepha uma ngesikhathi sokufa kwezinwele (ngokwesibonelo, uma kususwe), ipillayi iyagcinwa, khona-ke kuzokhula izinwele ezintsha.

Izinwele (follicular) - ukudangala okwakheke njenge-funnel ku-epidermis yesikhumba endaweni lapho impande yezinwele ingena khona emgodini. Ukuphuma ku-funnel, izinwele zibonakala ngaphezu kwesikhumba. I-duct yesibeletho esisodwa noma eziningana ze-sebaceous zivuleka zingene emseleni wezinwele.

Imisipha yezinwele - Umsipha onamathiselwe kwi-follicle ujule kancane kune-sebaceous gland, enemisipha ebushelelezi. Imisipha ifinyelela ekhoneni eliyingozi elibheke ekseni lezinwele. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile (ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvuka okungokomzwelo noma kumakhaza), uphakamisa izinwele zakhe, yingakho inkulumo ethi “izinwele ime ekugcineni” yaphuma.

Izimpande zangasese - isikhwama esizungeze impande yezinwele. Siqukethe izingqimba ezintathu. Amaseli wesitho sangasese sowesifazane sangasese abandakanyeka ekwakhekeni nasekukhuleni kwezinwele.

Sebaceous (imvamisa 2-3) namathumbu ezithukuthuku futhi izakhi ze-follicle yezinwele. Bakha ifilimu elivikelayo ngaphezu kwesikhumba, imfihlo yezinduna ze-sebaceous ithambisa izinwele, ikunikeze ukugqama, ukuguquguquka nokukhanya.

Isakhiwo se-Follicle

I-follicle yezinwele nayo kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi yi-bulb. Kepha nansi incazelo engalungile. I-follicle iyindalo yokwakheka okuyisisekelo ebhekele ukwenziwa kwezinwele, ukulawula isimo sayo nokukhula kwayo. Ngaphakathi kuyo u-anyanisi - lokhu kuyingxenye engezansi eyandisiwe yezimpande zezinwele.

I-follicle yezinwele incane ngosayizi, kepha inzima ngokwakhiwa. Iqukethe:

I-papilla yezinwele.
Indawo yokwenza izinwele.
Isitho sangasese sowesifazane sangaphandle.
Indawo yeKeratogenic.
Ingaphakathi lezimpande zangasese.
Izindlala zeSebaceous nezithukuthuku.
Umsipha obhekele ukukhulisa izinwele.
Imithambo yegazi.
Ukuphela kwezinzwa eziningana.

Ukwephulwa komsebenzi ophelele wanoma iyiphi yalezi zinhlaka kungaholela ekulahlekelweni izinwele noma ukonakala kwekhwalithi yayo.

Izicubu zomzimba

Isicubu sinamathele ku-follicle ngayinye yezinwele (ngaphandle kwezinwele ezihlanganisiwe). Yenziwe yasendaweni encane kancane kune-sebaceous gland. Iyunithi enjalo yokwakheka iqukethe izicubu ezibushelelezi, inesibopho sokukhulisa izinwele. Ikakhulu, ngokushaqeka ngokomzwelo (ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokufutheka) noma ngokubanda, lo msipha uvusa izinwele, ngezinye izikhathi ezingabonakala ngamehlo anqunu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushibilika kwemisipha ebushelelezi kukhuthaza ukungasebenzi kwe-sebaceous gland.

Izimbangela zokuvuvukala

Ngaphezu kwalokhu osekukhulunyiwe, i-scalp folliculitis ingenzeka nangezinye izizathu.

Ukungondleki, kudala ukungasebenzi kahle kwazo zonke izitho,
Izifo ezijwayelekile ezibucayi, njenge-anemia noma isifo sikashukela,
Ukuthintana namagciwane lapho uvakashelwa okugeza, ama-saunas, amachibi, usebenzisa izinto zokugeza zabanye abantu,

Naka. Ubungozi bokutheleleka buphakeme ikakhulukazi uma kukhona amanxeba nokugwazwa esikhumbeni.

Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ezithile ze-hormonal, njll.

Izinhlobo zesifo nezindlela zokwelashwa

I-Folliculitis, ngokuya ngebanga kanye nokujula kwesilonda, ihlukaniswe ngesimo ngezindlela ezintathu - imnene, inesilinganiso futhi iqinile.

I-Osteofolliculitis yesikhumba yilesi sifo esithobekile kakhulu, esibucayi kakhulu salesi sifo. Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwesilobho esincane, esilingana nobukhulu, esingabangeli ubuhlungu noma eminye imizwa engathandeki. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, iyoma, iguquke ibe yiqhubu, bese iwa, ingashiyi mkhondo.
I-folliculitis elinganiselwe ihlala isikhathi eside - izinsuku ezingama-5-7 futhi ibonakala ngokuvuvukala okujulile, ithumba libangela ukulunywa nobuhlungu, ekugcineni kuvulwa ngokukhipha ubomvu. Izibazi ezincane zingahlala endaweni yazo.
Ngenkambiso eqinile yesifo, ukhunta lungena ngokujulile, kuthinte i-follicle, okuthi noma ngemuva kokuvula ithumba nokwakheka kwesilonda ingasakwazi ukwenza izinwele.

Esithombeni - i-folliculitis enzima yesikhumba

Ukwelashwa kuncike kumbangela yalesi sifo. I-Staphylococcus ibhujiswa yimithi elwa namagciwane, izifo ezibangelwa ukhunta - ngemithi ye-antifungal. Ukudla kanye namavithamini ezinwele kunxephezela ukungabikho kokudla, njll.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwelashwa kwangaphandle kwezindawo ezithintekile ezinamadayi we-aniline kuyimpoqo, futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuvulwa kwama-pustules ngokususa ubomvu nokwelashwa kwesikhumba ngezixazululo zotshwala ukuvimbela ukwanda kokutheleleka.

Isiphetho

Impilo yezinwele zethu incike hhayi ekunakekelweni okufanele kwazo, kepha futhi nokuthi siyijwayela kahle kangakanani impilo yethu

Ama-follicles wezinwele, okuluhlobo lwamafektri amancane akhiqizwa izinwele, adinga nokunakekelwa, ukondleka, inhlanzeko, njll. Ividiyo ekule ndatshana izokutshela ukuthi ungabavimbela kanjani ukuthi baguga futhi bayeke ukusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izindlala zeSebaceous nezithukuthuku

Izinduna ze-sebaceous zinesibopho sokukhiqiza ama-secretions angena ku-sac sac. Le nto ithambisa isheya lezinwele, ngenxa yokuthi ama-curls abukeka ethe njo futhi acwebezela. Ngokubambisana nezindlala zezithukuthuku, zisimboza ngempumelelo isikhumba ngefilimu evikelayo evimbela imiphumela enolaka yabaphatheli abahlukahlukene abathelelekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfihlo ekhishwe emithanjeni enjalo ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuthembekile kwama-curls kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezici zemvelo ezinolaka.

Uma izindlala ze-sebaceous zisebenza ngokweqile, izinwele zisheshe zibe namafutha futhi zingabi nalutho. Futhi ukusebenza okunganele, izinduku zezinwele zomile futhi ngokushesha ziphule.

Izigaba zokukhula

Ngokwesilinganiso, cishe izinkulungwane eziyikhulu zezinhlamvu zomzimba zikhona esikhumbeni solusu lomuntu (mhlawumbe nangaphezulu). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusuka ngakunye kungakhula kuze kufike ezinweleni ezingamashumi amabili kuya kwamashumi amathathu. Ukukhula kwezinwele kwenzeka ngokwenziwa kabusha kwamaseli we-bulb yezinwele - i-matrix. Zitholakala ngqo ngaphezulu kwe-papilla, ziqala ukuvuthwa futhi zihlanganyele. Lezi zinqubo zenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-follicle, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amangqamuzana aya phambili, enza lukhuni (ngaphansi keratinization) futhi akha shaft yezinwele.

Izinwele ngamunye uhamba ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zomsebenzi:

Isigaba se-Anagen. Kulesi sigaba, ukukhula kwezinwele ezisebenzayo futhi eziqhubekayo kwenzeka. Amaseli we-matrix aqala ukuhlukana ngentshiseko; i-papilla yezinhlobo zezikhwama zezinwele nezinwele. I-follicle inikezwa ngegazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli wezinwele kushesha ikakhulukazi, kancane kancane keratinized. Ukucindezelwa okuphezulu nokuhlukaniswa okuqhubekayo kuholela ekutheni izinwele zihamba ziye phezulu kwesikhumba, ngenkathi isilinganiso sokukhula singafinyelela ku-0.3-0.4 mm ngosuku. Isikhathi se-anagen singasukela eminyakeni emithathu kuye kwesithupha futhi kuya ngezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye.
Isigaba se-Catagen. Le nkathi ibhekwa njengenguquko. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli kwe-matrix liyancipha kancane kancane, ukugoqa kwe-bulb yezinwele kuyabonakala. Kulokhu, kancane kancane i-papilla yezinwele i-atrophies, ngenxa yokuthi izinqubo zokudla okunempilo kwezinwele ziphazamiseka, amaseli we-bulb aqala ukuketula. Le nkathi ingaqhubeka amasonto amabili.
Isigaba seTelogen. Le nkathi ibizwa nangokuthi isikhathi sokuphumula. Izinqubo zokuvuselela amaseli ziyayeka, i-bulb yezinwele ivele kalula kusuka ku-papilla yezinwele futhi iqale ukusondela ebusweni besikhumba. Kulokhu, izinwele zingavele ziphenduke kalula lapho kuphendulwa ukungezwani okuncane (ngokwesibonelo, lapho ugeza noma uhlanganisa). Lapho isigaba se-telogen sesiphela, ukuvuswa kwe-papilla yezinwele kuqala, i-follicle ibuyisela kancane ukuxhumana kwayo. Izinqubo zokukhula kwezinwele ezintsha ziqalisiwe, ezigcina zidlulela kulowo owandulelayo (uma ngabe azange ziphume zodwa). Isikhathi se-anagen siqala futhi.

Zonke izinhlobo zezinwele ziphila impilo yazo. Ngakho-ke, ngezikhathi ezihlukene emzimbeni kunezinwele ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zokukhula. Kepha, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi iningi labo likhula ngenkuthalo - lisesigabeni se-anagen.

Uma ama-follicle wezinwele evezwa imiphumela enolaka (ukugula), izigaba zokukhula ezibhaliwe zingaphazamiseka. Umphumela uba yimpandla - i-alopecia. Isazi se-trichologist esizosiza ekutholeni ngokunembile imbangela yaso futhi silungise inkinga.