Isiphandla se-Syphilis

Ukuqina kwe-syphilitic (alopecia syphilitica) ku-syphilis yesibili kungagxila futhi kusebenze, futhi kungahle kube nokulahleka okulinganiselwe kwezinwele endaweni yezimpawu ngemuva kokuphiliswa kwe-syphilis e-ulcerated deep pphular.

I-alphecitic alopecia elula (i-alopecia syphilitica areolaris) eyisibonakaliso esibonakalayo se-pathognomonic ye-syphilis yesibili.

Kubonakala ngokubonakala okungazelelwe, okuthuthuka ngokushesha engxenyeni enoboya ekhanda ye-foci encane yokulahleka kwezinwele nge-ububanzi ka-1-1.5 cm. Amachashazi ayimpandla anesimo esiyindilinga ngokungajwayelekile, ahlelwe ngokungahleliwe, angakhuli ngokuqhubekayo futhi awahlanganisi. Akuzona zonke izinwele ezishiyayo ezikhungweni zezindawo zokwelapha, ngenxa yokuthi isikhumba sesikhumba sithola ukufana “noboya abadliwe yinundu”. Esikhathini sokugxila kwe-alopecia, ubomvu, ukukhwehlela nokuqina kwesikhumba akukho. Iziqobelo ze-locus zigxunyekwe ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ze-temporoparietal kanye ne-occipital, kancane kuvame ukubonwa endaweni yokukhula kwesilevu, amadevu, i-pubis, kwesinye isikhathi emashiya nasezinkophe. Ngokulahlekelwa kancane kancane nokukhula okulandelanayo kwezinwele ku-eyelashes, lezi zamuva zinenani elingalingani (ama-eyelashes anomumo wesinyathelo, uphawu lukaPincus).

I-Diffuse syphilitic alopecia (alopecia syphilitica diffusa) ibonakala ngokuncipha komoya okuningana okukhona lapho izinwele zingekho lapho kukhona ushintsho khona esikhunjeni. Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kuvame ukuqala ngamathempeli futhi kusakazeka kuso sonke isikhumba. Ubukhulu be-syphilitic alopecia

ahlukahlukene: kusuka ekulahlekelweni izinwele okungabonakali kangako, okudlula kancane usayizi wokushintshwa komzimba, okufika ezinweleni eziyi-100 ngosuku, ukuqedela impandla. Kwesinye isikhathi izinwele ziwela kuphela esikhumbeni, kwezinye izimo, i-alopecia endaweni yokukhula kwesilevu namadevu, amashiya, izinkophe futhi okumbalwa okungezenezi kulesi sibonakaliso - zonke izinwele, kufaka phakathi i-fluffy, ziyaphuma.

Kwezinye iziguli, akubonwa i-alopecia kuphela, kodwa izinwele ngokwazo ziyaguquka, eziba mncane, zomile, ziba buthuntu, ngezinye izikhathi ziqine ngokungadingekile, zifane newig.

I-alopecia encane egxile futhi isabalalisa kabi ingabonakala ngasikhathi sinye esigulini esifanayo (i-alopecia syphilitica mixta).

I-Syphilitic alopecia ivela, njengomthetho, ngonyaka wokuqala wokugula, imvamisa kakhulu phakathi kokuqhuma okusha, kepha itholakala ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-3 ngemuva kokuvela kokuqhuma kwesikhumba, okuhambelana nesikhathi esivamile sokulahlekelwa izinwele ngemuva kokuqedwa kokukhula kwabo. I-Syphilitic alopecia ingaba khona ngaphandle kokwelashwa okuthile izinyanga eziyi-2-3, khona-ke ukukhula kwezinwele kubuyiselwa ngokuphelele. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokwelashwa kwe-antisyphilitic, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10- 10, ukulahleka kwezinwele kuyeka futhi emva kwamasonto angama-6-8, izimpandla ziyanyamalala.

I-pathogenesis ye-syphilitic alopecia ayifani.

I-alopecia encanyana eqondakalayo yenzeka njengomphumela womphumela oqondile we-treponemas ophaphathekile ku-follicle yezinwele nokukhula kwezimo zokuvuvukala ezizungezile eziphazamisa ukungondleki kwezinwele. Leli phuzu liqinisekiswa yimiphumela yocwaningo lomlando lwembula ukungena kokunye okuzungeze ama-follicles, aqukethe ama-lymphocyte namaseli we-plasma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphawulwe izinguquko ze-dystrophic endaweni ye-follicle yezinwele.

I-Diffuse alopecia yenzeka ngenxa yokuxakwa kwe-syphilitic, noma ngenxa yokulimala kwezimpawu ezinhlelweni zezinzwa neze-endocrine ezilawula ukusebenza kwezimpawu zezinwele.

Ukuxilongwa okuhlukile.I-alopecia enezimpawu zokuphamba zingabangelwa izimbangela ezahlukahlukene. Izinwele kulezi zimo ziphuma ngokushesha noma kancane kancane. I-alphecia ye-Clinically eguquguqukayo yesifo i-syphilitic alopecia imvamisa ayihlukile ekulahlekelweni kwezinwele kwe-etiology ehlukile, ngakho-ke, kuzo zonke iziguli ezine-alopecia engazelele, okuthiwa i-etiology ezingacaci kahle, kunconywa ukutadisha ukusabela kwegazi kwe-syological ku-syphilis. I-Diffuse alopecia ezigulini ezinezifo ezithathelanayo eziyingozi (umkhuhlane, typhoid, umkhuhlane obomvu, umalaleveva, njll.) Iqala ngamandla, imvamisa ngesikhathi sokuqina. Ekulahlekelweni kwezinwele okubonakalayo, umuntu kufanele futhi abekezelele izifo zezifo ze-endocrine gland (i-pituitary gland, i-thyroid gland, isifo sikashukela), ukukhulelwa, izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo, izifo zesibindi ezingalapheki (i-hepatitis, cirrhosis), ezinye izifo ezihlukumezanayo (i-lymphogranulomatosis) kanye nezinye

Ukulahleka kwezinwele kungabonakala lapho kugwenywa ama-anticoagulants, izidakamizwa zenhliziyo, i-cytostatics, izidakamizwa zengqondo, izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ukusebenza kwe-yegilo yegilo, uma kungenzeka ukuthi inoshevu ngezinto zamakhemikhali, ngokwesibonelo, usawoti we-thallium, njll.

Ukuqina kwe-Nesting (alopecia areata) kubonakaliswa ukubukeka okungazelelwe esikhumbeni somumo owodwa noma omncane wokujikeleza izinwele. Ngenxa yokukhula okuphathelene neziqalo zamakhanda athile noma ukuhlangana kwawo ngakunye, izindawo ezinkulu ze-baldness ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-5-10 cm ziyavela, ezinemiphetho eyindilinga noma egcwele amatshe. Isikhumba esisezindongeni zezinduna ekuqaleni singase sipinki futhi sibe nokuvuvukala, kodwa bese sithola ukubukeka okujwayelekile.

Ingaphezulu layo libushelelezi, licwebezela. Izinwele emaphethelweni endawo ye-bald ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo idonswa kalula. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukukhula kwe-foci ye-baldness kuyayeka futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, kaningi, izinwele zibuyiselwa ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwesikhumba, ukuvuthwa kwe-nesting kungenzeka endaweni yokukhula kwesilevu, kuma-pubis, amashiya. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-alopecia areata aguqula abe yi-alopecia ephelele ngokulahlekelwa hhayi kuphela konke okude, kepha futhi nezinwele ezifudumele. I -estest ne-alopecia ephelele kuthambekele ekubuyeleni emuva.

I-trichophytosis engeyona eyejwayelekile kanye ne-micosporia yesikali ibonakala ngokwakhiwa kwe-foci emincane eyindilinga ngenxa yokuncipha kwezinwele. Isikhumba esisezilondeni sinombala opinki ophuzi futhi simbozwe ngesikali esenziwe ngombala omhlophe obomvana. Izinwele ezithintekile ziqhekeka kude ne-2-3 mm ngaphezu kwezinga lesikhumba noma ezindaweni zokuphuma ku-follicle. Kancane kancane, kancane, okugxilwe ekunciphiseni ukwanda kwezinwele ngokukhula okuphathelene nokuhlangana futhi kungahlangana ndawonye.

Lesi sifo sivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni futhi sihlala iminyaka eminingi. Nge-micosporia, ingxenye enenwele yekhanda iyathinteka njengase-trichophytosis, noma zonke izinwele ezise-lesion foci ziqhekeka endaweni ephakeme ngo-4-6 mm ngaphezu kwezinga lesikhumba futhi zibonakala zinqamule. Imvamisa, izinwele ezithintekile zimbozwa ngesembozo esimhlophe se-spores.

Ubumnandi besikhumba buphawulwa ngokuvuvukala kwesikhumba, ukubukeka kwezindawo ezomile ezifana nokugcwala, umbala ophuzi ogqamile, onesikhungo esishonile. Izinwele ezithintekile, ziyaphelelwa ukukhanya, ziphele, ziphuzi bese ziqhuma ngaphandle kokuphuka.

Ngemuva kokuxazulula inqubo yokuvuvukala nokulahleka kwezinwele ekhanda, kwakheka i-cicatricial atrophy yesikhumba kanye ne-alopecia ephikelelayo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-trichophytosis, i-micosporia kanye ne-favus kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa okuningana kwezinwele zezikhumba nezinsimbi zezikhumba nokutholwa kwezinto zokukhunta kuzo.

Ukuqala kwasempandla (alopecia praematura). Lesi sifo sitholwa kuphela kubantu besilisa abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengama-20 ubudala, esivame ukuhlushwa yi-seborrhea, eyinkimbinkimbi nge-dandruff. Ukuwa kwakho kwezinwele kuqala ngezindawo zangaphambili ze-parietal kanye nomqhele. Izinwele ziba mncane, bese zinyamalala.Ukuqina okuqhubekayo kwenzeka eminyakeni engama-25-30.

I-Cicatricial alopecia (i-pseudopelada yeBroca) ibonakala ngokuvela kwezingxenye ze-alicecia ye-cicatricial esikrinini, enesimo esingajwayelekile, kwesinye isikhathi sokuhlangana. Esigabeni sokuqala sesi sifo, i-erythema esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo kanye nokukhonkotha kungabhekwa; ngokuzayo, kuphela isikhumbuzo sesikhumba ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokuvuvukala. Isikhathi eside, noma kunjalo, izinwele ezizodwa zingahlala ku-lesion foci.

I-limited noma i-foci evamile ye-acopecia ye-cicatricial ingavela ngenxa yokulimala, ukusha, i-furunculosis, izinhlobo ezijulile ze-dermatomycosis.

I-Discoid futhi isakazeke i-lupus erythematosus esikhumbeni nesikhumba ibonakaliswa uphawu lwezimpawu ezintathu: i-erythema, hyperkeratosis kanye ne-cicatricial atrophy. Ukugxila kwe-lesion ekhanda kuvame ukuphawuleka futhi, ekuqaleni, ukubonakala kwezindawo ezibomvu ezifakwe kancane nge-hyperkeratosis. Ngemuva kokuxazulula amabala, i-cicatricial atrophy nokuqina okuphindaphindekile kuhlala kunjalo. Umonakalo ohlukaniswe wedwa esikweleni awuvamile.

I-Red lichen planus (i-lichen hair lichen, i-Picardi - Little - iLassuer syndrome). Isimo somtholampilo esinemininingwane yesifo saziwa ngamaphaphu we-follicular esikhunjeni kanye ne-alopecia ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba ezimbozwe izinwele ezinde futhi ezi-fluffy. Ubunzima bokuxilonga buqhamuka uma iziguli zine-alicecia ye-cicatricial kuphela ezinweleni zekhanda elimi. Kulezi zimo, ukunakwa kufanele kubhekwe ukuba khona kwamaphaphu we-follicular on the peniphery of alopecia.

Izinhlobo namafomu

Odokotela bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu ze-syphilitic alopecia:

• Ubunzima iqala ngamathempeli futhi kunzima ukubopha isifo se-syphilis uqobo. Azikho neze izimpawu zokubonisa ukuthi isifo zingatholakala kanjani. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa kuphela ngemuva kwe-syphilis noma ngesikhathi sokungasebenzi.

• I-Alopecia areata iqala ngezigaba zomoya nezesikhashana, izilonda ezilingana nohlamvu olulodwa noma ezimbili, ezingafani ngesimo. Izinwele aziphumi ngokuphelele, kepha lokhu kungathinti ikhanda kuphela, kepha nezinye izindawo ezinwele - amashiya, amadevu nezinwele zomzimba.

• I-alopecia exubekile - Lokhu kuhlangene kwezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala. Ukuqalwa kwempandla kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo futhi ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma uqala ukwelashwa okudingekayo ngesikhathi, ukulahleka kuzokuma bese ukumbozwa kwezinwele ezindaweni zezimpandla kuzobuyiselwa.

Nakani! Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-syopilitic alopecia, uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe lubhekwa njengodokotela njengelunobungozi kakhulu futhi olungalapheki kahle.

I-syphilitic alopecia iqala, iqala ngokufakwa okwesikhashana kwekhanda. Ukusabalalisa kufinyelela ngokushesha okukhulu. Kubukeka njengempandla ejwayelekile ngokudakwa okunamandla kobuthi, kodwa empeleni, konke akukubi kangako. Kukhona impandla enjalo kungazelelwe, yathuthuka ngokumangazayo.

Uma isifo esiyisisekelo (ukutheleleka kwe-syphilis) selashwa, khona-ke emva kwamasonto amabili izinwele ziyayeka ukuphuma emva kokuqedwa kokutheleleka, ukukhula kwezinwele kubuyiselwa kancane kancane futhi ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 izindawo ezingenalutho ziyagcwala ngezinwele ezintsha.

Izimpawu zifaka nalokhu: ukusakazeka okusanda kwedatha kwasemakhanda kulo lonke ikhanda, ubunzima bokuthola i-syphilis ngalesi sikhathi, ukunqunyelwa okusobala kokulahleka kwe-strand ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngemuva kokutheleleka komzimba.

Izindlela zokwelapha

Ekwelapheni i-syphilitic alopecia, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukunqoba lesi sifo esiyisisekelo, bese wenza ukukhula kwezinwele kube okujwayelekile.

Odokotela batusa inkambo yokwelashwa ngamavithamini, okuzosiza ukubuyisela izinwele kancane kancane. Izifundo zinde, ngamakhefu amafushane, uma kunesidingo - ngokushintshwa kwenkimbinkimbi. Ukufaka isicelo se-Pyrogenal ekwelashweni, umthamo wanda kancane kancane, ufinyelela ku-15 mg.

Izithako ze-Corticosteroid nezidakamizwa ezilawulwa ngokomlomo zisebenza ngempumelelo. Izidakamizwa zesimanje ze-corticosteroid zisebenza ngqo ezindaweni ezithile okufanele zelashwe. Indlela yesenzo sabo ukungathathi hlangothi ama-prostaglandins, adala ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ama-contraindication ekusebenziseni kwawo: isifo sofuba, isifo sikashukela, ukuntuleka kwe-potassium, isifo sezinso, umfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Udokotela angabeka le mithi elandelayo:

• Dermoveit. Kubandakanya izingxenye eziqinile zama-hormone, zisebenza ngokushesha, ezisetshenziselwa ukumisa inqubo, bese i-alopecia iphathwa ngezindlela ezilula. Izindleko cishe zingama-420-540 p.

• I-Fluorocort. Ama-Glucocorticosteroids ekwakhiweni kwamafutha awavumeli ukusetshenziswa kwaleli thuluzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuncelisa ibele, ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-18. Isebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-alopecia, ithuthukisa ukuqina kwamasipha endaweni ye-baldness, isiza ukumisa imetabolism, umsoco wezinwele zezinwele. Intengo 260-350 k.

• Advantan. Into esebenzayo yi-forenisone. Umuthi udambisa i-allergies, ukudumba, ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, ukuqeda ukuvuvukala. Isikhumba esomile senziwe umswakama. Intengo isebangeni lika-650-1300 p.

• Umkhiqizi. Amafutha nge-gentamicin ne-betamethasone. Iyamisa ukuvuvukala, isungula imetabolism enempilo ezindaweni ezithintekile zesikhumba. Izindleko zomuthi zingaba ngu-250-450 p.

• Beloderm. Isidakamizwa se-Corticosteroid esine-antiproliferative kanye ne-antihistamine effect. Ibhoboza imithambo yegazi, ikhulule izimpawu ezingemnandi ze-syphilitic alopecia nezinye izifo zesikhumba. Ayikho imiphumela emibi. Intengo 270-300 k.

• I-Hydrocortisone. Iqeda izinqubo zokuvuvukala endaweni yokufaka isicelo, kungaba nemiphumela emibi uma igciwane likhona emzimbeni noma ukutheleleka kokukhunta kuqhamuka. Izindleko ezingaba ngu-120 p.

• Amafutha e-Lokoid ane-hydrocortisone, isusa ngokushesha ukuvuvukala, inciphise ukumiswa, futhi ivumele izinhlamvu zezinwele ukuthi zilulame. Intengo icishe ibe ngu-350 p.

• ULorinden It ihlukanisa ama-ejenti abangela ukugula kwamagciwane kanye nokukhunta. Izindleko cishe ezingama-400 p.

Futhi, amandla amahle abukwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngezindlela zokusebenzisa umzimba: i-darsonval, i-ultrasound, imisinga ehlukahlukene.

Iseluleko! Abaphethe izinwele ezinde kungcono ukusika izinwele zabo zibe mfushane. Lokhu kusiza ukwehlisa isisindo sezinwele - ayiveli kangako, ukuphuma kwegazi ezimpandeni kuyakhuphuka, okusiza ukondle kanye ne-oxygenate.

Imithetho yokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:

• Ukuhlunga nsuku zonke noma zonke ezinye izinsuku ukuvikela i-sebum kusuka ekuxhumeni ama-pores.
• Ngokuhlanganisa izinwele zakho, kufanele uqaphele, isikhumba sekhanda ngenkathi sithinta kancane ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungalokothi ucindezele amazinyo kanzima.
• Khansela imikhiqizo yokunakekela, ngaphandle kokuthi ibekwe ngudokotela, ngoba i-chemistry ngokweqile icasulayo isikhumba futhi icasule ukuqina, yonakalisa isakhiwo sezinwele.

Ukuvimbela

Ukuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi, ukwelashwa kwezifo ezingathí sina, ukuqapha njalo nokulawulwa kokutheleleka kwe-syphilitic ngesikhathi sesigaba esingasebenzi kungavimba ukuvela kwezihlahla.

I-Syphilitic alopecia iyingozi ezimweni lapho ukugula okungalashwa kungalashwa khona. Ngokulashwa okunekhono nangokuhlelekile, amathuba okwelashwa okuphelele aphelele. Kungenzeka ukubuyisela izinwele ezilahlekile ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, noma kunjalo, imichilo izolahlekelwa ukuqina, iba brittle futhi ibe mncane.

Ngokwesilinganiso, ukwelashwa okuphelele nokulahlwa kokungena kungenzeka ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3-5, kuthi emva kwesikhashana amalulwane ahambisana nesi sifo abuye anyamalale.

Amavidiyo awusizo

I-Alopecia - izimbangela, izici nokwelashwa.

Kuyini i-alopecia? Izinhlobo zayo nezimbangela zesehlakalo.

I-Alopecia ene-syphilis

Kungenzeka ube nomlingiswa ogxile futhi onakalise Ukulahleka kwezinwele okugxile kwenzeka ngenxa yokufakwa kweseli kwezinwele zezinwele, okuholela ekuphulweni kwe-trophism yabo.

Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo kuthuthukisa ukufa kwamaseli wegciwane wezinwele zezinwele futhi, ngenxa yalokho, eqinisweni izinwele ziwe.

Finyanisa izinwele zinciphise nge syphilis

Kubangelwa ukudakwa okujwayelekile komzimba ngokutheleleka.

Lo mkhuba ungabonakala nganoma iyiphi inqubo yesikhathi eside yokutheleleka, ephelezelwa ubuthi obukhulu bomzimba ubuthi obunama-microbial.

I-alopecia ye-Focal ibonakala ngokulahleka kwezinwele ekhanda, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ze-occipital nezesikhashana. Kukulezi zindawo lapho inqubo yezinsimbi ziqala.

Ama-foci we-alopecia anobujamo obujwayelekile obujwayelekile, osayizi abancane (kufika ku-3-4 cm ububanzi). Abanayo inkambiso yokuhlanganisa, nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezisetshenziswayo (ukulunywa, ubuhlungu, ubomvu, ukukhonkotha), i-pathology ayihlukile. Ngenxa yenqubo yokugxila, i-hairline ekhanda ithola uhlobo oluthile loboya obushaywe ngenundu.

I-Diffuse alopecia yenziwe yonke indawo. Ukugxila ekulahlekelweni izinwele kungabonakala ebusweni bawo bonke besikhumba nomzimba.

Ekuxilongeni okuhlukile, i-syopilitic alopecia ihlukaniswa kwi-pathology ye-mycotic genesis (microsporia, trichophytosis). Kulesi simo, ukukhonkotha kuzobhekwa ezindaweni zokulahleka kwezinwele, futhi ukulahleka kwezinwele kuzobangelwa hhayi ngokulahleka kwabo, kodwa ngesigaba.

I-Pathology ibuye ihlukaniswe kwezinye izifo ezithathelanayo okungaholela ekulahlekelweni izinwele okukhulu. Ukuba khona kanyekanye kwalezi zinhlobo zombili kungenzeka - i-alopecia ehlangene.

Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kubonakaliswa kakhulu futhi kuyaqhubeka kakhulu, kuthatha umlingiswa ojwayelekile. Imvamisa, le nto ibonwa ezigulini ezingamaduna, kunowesifazane. Kukhona i-pathology njalo kweyisine kuya kwelesihlanu itheleleke nge-syphilitic virus. Ngaphezu kokuncipha kwezinwele okuqhubekayo, ushintsho esakhiweni sazo lwenzeka ekuphakameni kwesifo. Baba owomile, ongenamithi, onokhahlo, ngenxa yalokho baba njengewigi yokufakelwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ne-syphilis kungenzeka acopaticial alopecia.

Ikhula esikhunjeni ngemuva kokuxazulula ukuqubuka kwensini ye-syphilitic futhi imelelwa yimpandla yesikhumba ephikelelayo. Le ndlela ye-alopecia kufanele futhi ihlukaniswe ngokucacile kokujwayelekile, ngenxa yezilonda zesikhumba zohlobo lwe-abscessed.

I-Syphilitic genesis ingabikwa njenge-alopecia kuphela ngokuba khona kwezinye izimpawu eziqinisekisa ukutheleleka okuthile, kanye nokutheleleka okuqinisekiswe elebhu okwenziwa nge-treponemas ephaphathekile.

Nge-syphilis mhlawumbe izimpandla hhayi ekhanda kuphela, kodwa futhi emzimbeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinwele zingaqhuma ngaphansi kwezingalo, esifubeni (emadodeni), ezingalweni, emilenzeni.

Ingabe izinwele ze-pubic zingaphuma nge-syphilis?

Yebo, i-alopecia egxile noma isabalalisayo nayo ingathinta indawo ye-groin, indawo yokugcoba, i-perineum, nesikhumba sethanga.

Uma izinwele ziwe ngaphandle emilenzeni, izandla, ku-groin nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, singakhuluma ngokudakwa okukhulu komzimba nge-treponemas kanye ne-alopecia ejwayelekile ebangelwa yizo.

I-Syphilitic alopecia ivame ukuthinta ubuso. Iziguli zingaba nezinkophe, amashiya.

Izimpawu zokuncipha kweshiya ibizwa ngetram syphilis. Leli gama lalesi sifo kungenxa yokuthi lingatholakala kalula noma libukeke ngenkathi lisahamba.

Amehlo ayaphuma ukuze ubude bawo bube bohlukile, ngenxa yalokho abukeka njengezinyathelo. Le nto ibizwa ngokuthi uphawu lwePincus.

Ukugqwala emadodeni nakho kungaya kumadevu, intshebe.

Ukulahleka kwezinwele nentshebe kwenzeka ngezibonakaliso ezifanayo njengakulesi sikhumba.

Ngakho-ke, ukulahleka kwezinwele ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kwe-syphilitic kungakhawulelwa kuphela kulesikhumba. Futhi kungenzeka futhi ngokubandakanyeka kwezinwele zobuso - amadevu, intshebe, izinkophe, amashiya enqubweni ye-pathological.

Ngokukhulu ukwanda kokulimala kwezikhwanyana zezinwele, inqubo ye-alopecia futhi ithumba izindawo ezihlukene emzimbeni.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isimo sokugxila kwenduna ekhanda sibonisa ngokuqondile izilonda zesikhumba ezi-syphilitic. I-Pathology kuleli cala idalwa wukulimala okukhulu kwama-follicle wezinwele ngenxa yenqubo yokuguguleka kwesikhumba esikhunjeni ethinteka ama-pustules ane-syphilis yesibili. Esigulini esisodwa, ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ze-baldness zingabhekwa ngasikhathi sinye - ukugxila okuncane nokujwayelekile okuvamile.

Indlela ye-pathogenetic yezindlela ezihlukile ze-alopecia yesimo se-syphilitic yehlukile. Ngesimo sayo sokugxila, imbangela eqondile yomonakalo kuzinwele zezinwele ukuhlulwa kwayo yi-treponemas kanye nenqubo yokutheleleka yokutheleleka ebangelwa yilokhu. Njengomphumela walokhu, amaseli we-germinal (germinal) we-bulb ayeka ukuthola umsoco. I-Dystrophic phenomena ikhula kubo, ngenxa yalokho bafa kancane kancane.

Ngefomu lokuphamba, i-alopecia ibangelwa ukwephulwa komthetho we-neurohumoral wezinqubo ze-metabolic ezicutshini zezinwele zezinwele, okubangelwa ukudakwa kwabo okukhulu ngemikhiqizo ye-treponema metabolism.

Ngokungafani kwe-alopecia ye-syphilitic kusuka kwezinye izimbangela ze-pathology, ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal kufanele kungafakwa ngaphandle. Isibonelo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, ukukhulelwa, ukuthatha izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zehomoni. Kanye ne-oncopathology, ukwehluleka kwesibindi okunzima (ukuvuvukala, i-cirrhotic).

Nge-genesis ethathelwanayo ye-pathology, noma kunjalo, ebangelwa ezinye izifo (umalaleveva, typhoid), izimpandla zizibonakalisa kahle ngesikhathi sokululama kwemitholampilo.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwesimo se-syphilitic ye-syndrome kwenziwa ngokuqhuba ama-seroreaction. Okusho ukuthi, izivivinyo ze-treponemal nezingenangqondo ezithola amasosha omzimba kumenzeli we-syphilis e-serum yegazi.

Ngabe i-syphilis ivele nini?

Ukulahleka kwezinwele akuqali ngokushesha ngemuva kokubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo. Futhi izinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokutheleleka - cishe izinyanga ezingama-3-4, kwesinye isikhathi izinyanga eziyisithupha.

Lokhu kungenxa "yokwanda" kwenqubo ye-pathological, ukunqwabelana kobuthi kwizicubu zomzimba, ukudakwa okujwayelekile komzimba. Okuholela kumonakalisi wokugxila nokufiphaza izinhlamvu zezinwele futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ekulahlekelweni izinwele.

Ngabe kuyasebenza Syphilis izinwele ukulahleka ukwelashwa?

Yebo, ukulahleka kwezinwele kuyeka ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14 ngemuva kokuqala kwenkambo yokwelashwa kwe-etiotropic ye-syphilis, kwezinye izimo kamuva.

Ngabe izinwele ziyakhula emuva uma ziphuma ngaphandle kwe-syphilis?

Yebo, inqobo nje uma lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa (1.5-2), okugxilwe emgodini kuphinde kumbozwe izinwele.

Eminye imithombo, noma kunjalo, ikhombisa ukuthi noma kungekho ukwelashwa okuthile, ukukhula kwezinwele kuqala esikhathini esithile ngemuva kokubonakala kwezimpawu nokulungiswa kwazo.

Uma usola i-syphilis, thintana nomlobi wale ndatshana, udokotela wezilwane waseMoscow oneminyaka engu-15 yesipiliyoni.

I-Alopecia - iyini, izinhlobo zayo nezimbangela zayo

I-Alopecia ukulahleka kwezinwele okuyingxenye noma ukuphelela ngokuphelele kwezinwele ekhanda, ebusweni kanye / noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ezenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo kwizikhonkwane zezinwele. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlukaniswa kwaso, ezinye zazo zisuselwa kufomathi lempandla, ezinye ngezizathu ezishiwoyo kanye nendlela yokusebenza yentuthuko. Iningi lazo lisuselwa kuzo zombili, ezingasizi ukuqonda kwesifo nokukhethwa kwezindlela zokwelashwa.

Kepha konke ukwahlukaniswa kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ze-alopecia ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:

Izimbangela zesifo

1. Izici zokuphamba kanye nezifo zokuzala (ichthyosis, i-aplasia yesikhumba, ukungasebenzi kwe-pigment).
2. Uhlobo lwe-discoid lwe-lupus erythematosus, okuyisifo esingelapheki se-autoimmune, oluboniswa izindawo ezinamkhawulo ezibomvu ezikhawulelwe ngokusobala ezimbozwe izikali ze-epidermal.
3. I-Autoimmune nezinye izifo ezi-systemic - limited and systemic scleroderma, dermatomyositis, amyloidosis, scarring pemphigoid, sarcoidosis.
4. I-Lipoid necrobiosis ukubhujiswa kanye necrosis yamangqamuzana nezicubu ngenxa yokuvela okukhulu kwamafutha kuzo. Lesi simo sicasulwa ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic futhi kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nesifo sikashukela.
5. I-lichen planus, izilonda zesikhumba fungal (trichophytosis) nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo.
6. I-perifolliculitis engasebenzi, i-epilating kanye ne-keloid folliculitis, isici senqubo yokuvuvukala ngaphakathi noma ezizungeze ama-follicles, imvamisa yinkinga yokutheleleka kwe-staphylococcal, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwesilonda.
7. Ama-tumors wokufakwa kwesikhumba, umdlavuza wesikhumba oyingozi kanye nesasas nezinye izifo.
8. Mechanic, ukulimala okushisayo, ukulimala kwamakhemikhali nawemisebe, ukuvuvukala okuhlanzekile.

Ukuvezwa kwesikhumba kokugcina kwalezi zifo ukwakheka kwezibazi nokufa kulezi zindawo zezinwele zezinwele.

I-alopecia enga-cicatricial

Ibiza u-80 kuya ku-95% wazo zonke izifo zezinwele. I-etiopathogenesis yaleli qembu, ngokungafani neyangaphambili, ihlala ingaqondwa kahle. Kungenzeka ukuthi, izindlela ezahlukahlukene ziyisisekelo sezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo zaleli qembu, yize izimbangela kanye nezinto ezidala cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo ziyefana ezimweni eziningi. Zonke izinhlobo ze-non-cicatricial alopecia zihlanganiswa ukungabikho kwesilonda sangaphambi kwesikhumba.

Izimbangela ze-alopecia ye-non-scar

1. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-immune kanye ne-autoimmune, okuthi eminyakeni edlule kudlale indima eholayo. Baholela ekwakhekeni kwama-immune complexes kanye ne-autoaggression yomzimba maqondana nezikhwanyana zezinwele. Lezi ziphazamiso zenzeka zombili ngokuzimela futhi zihlangana nezifo ezithile ze-autoimmune - i-lymphocytic yegilo, i-vitiligo, i-hypoparathyroidism, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal.
2. Isandulela sofuzo ngenxa yohlobo oluthile lwenqubo yokulinganisa izinqubo ze-biochemical esikhunjeni futhi kwandise ukuzwela kwama-follicular receptors kuma-androgens.
3. Izifo nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwezindlala ze-endocrine, ukuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene kwe-metabolic, kufaka phakathi ama-amino acid, amaprotheni nezinto zokulandela - i-selenium, i-zinc, ithusi, i-iron, isibabule.
4. Izimo zokuxineka kakhulu kanye nemiphumela emibi yangemva kwengqondo eqhubeka isikhathi eside, okuholela ekwehlukaniseni kwemithambo ye-peripheral kanye nokungondleki kwama-follicles.
5. Imifino, ukhekhe kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka kokuzwela okungaphakathi kwesikhumba nobuso, okuholela ekuphazamisweni kwe-microcirculation yegazi emithanjeni yesikhumba. Ukusuka kuleli phuzu, izimo ezixinzayo ze-neurotic kanye nezifo ezinzima, isikhathi eside imiphumela emibi ephazamisayo ye-psychoemotional, izinqubo ezingapheli zokuvuvukala emgodleni we-nasopharynx, i-larynx kanye ne-paranasal sinus, extinandularular cymph node, i-osteochondrosis yomgogodla wesibeletho, kanye ne-neuritis yentamo kubaluleke kakhulu. Konke lokhu kungukucasulwa kwama-node aphezulu wesifo somlomo wesibeletho angenisa isikhumba.
6. Izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla, okuholela ekufakweni kokungatholi kahle kwezakhi zomzimba kanye nezinto zomkhondo.
7. Ukuchayeka ezidakamizweni ezithile (i-cytostatics), ukudakwa kakhulu kwezimboni noma okungapheli kwamakhemikhali (i-mercury, i-bismuth, i-borates, i-thallium), ukuvezwa emisebeni ye-radioactive.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-non-Scalp Alopecia

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-alopecia okungeyona eye-cicatricial okuhlongozwayo namuhla kuyize, kususelwa kwizimpawu zesimo esixubile: zombili izibonakaliso eziphambili zekliniki yangaphandle, kanye nembangela. Isigaba esikahle kunazo zonke ukwahlukanisa i-alopecia:

1. Ubunzima.
2. Ukugxila, noma isidleke, noma umndilili oyindilinga.
3. Androgenetic.

Diffuse alopecia

I-aliffecia ye-diffuse ingavela ngenxa yezinguquko zomzimba womzimba emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuthomba, ukukhulelwa nokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Ezimweni ezimbili zokuqala, ukulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwezinwele akubhekwa njenge-pathological futhi kuhamba okwesikhashana ngemuva kokuqinisa isizinda se-hormonal. Ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezahlukahlukene ezicasulayo, lingabizwa kakhulu noma lincane.

Ukuqina okuyindilinga kubonakaliswa yunifomu kulo lonke ikhanda elisheshayo lokusweleka kwamazinga ahlukahlukene. Ukulahleka kwazo zonke izinwele kuyaqabukela. Ihlukaniswe yaba:

• i-anagen, eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezinwele okusebenzayo,
• i-telogen - ukulahleka kwezinwele esigabeni sokuphumula sama-follicle.

Imvamisa, i-baldness yokulimaza ivuselelwa yisimo esicindezelayo, ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-narcotic, umuthi othile kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, ukuntuleka kwezinto ezilandelwayo, ikakhulukazi ngokuntuleka kwensimbi kwabesifazane abanezenzo zokungahambi kokuya esikhathini, kanye nakubantu abaye batholwa kabusha esiswini, ngenxa yokutholwa kabi kwensimbi ngenxa yokuntuleka uvithamini "B12".

I-Alopecia areata

I-Alopecia areata kwabesifazane futhi nabesilisa kwenzeka imvamisa efanayo. Kwenza cishe i-5% yazo zonke iziguli ezinezifo zesikhumba. Okukodwa (ekuqaleni) okuqondisiwe kokulinganisa kokulahlekelwa izinwele kuyindilinga noma okusaqanda ngesimo futhi kubonakala kakhulu esifundeni se-occipital. Zithambekele ekukhuleni nasekuhlanganiseni, ngenxa yalokho kwakheka izindawo ezinkulu ze-baldness, imiphetho yazo ekhombisa ukuhamba kwe-cyclicality. Inkambo ye-alopecia egxile ezimweni eziningi iyinqaba futhi iqhubeka ngezigaba ezintathu:

1. Okuqhubekayo, lapho izinwele ziwela khona hhayi endaweni ye-lesion kuphela, kepha futhi nasendaweni yomngcele nakho. Lesi sigaba sithatha izinyanga ezine kuya kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
2. I-inpatient - ukunqunyelwa kokubumba kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-foci entsha yempandla.
3. Ukucindezela - ukubuyiselwa kokukhula okujwayelekile kwezinwele.

Izinhlobo ze-alopecia ezigxile zibandakanya:

• wesifundalapho i-foci yenzeka khona ngasemaphethelweni wesikhumba, imvamisa ngemuva kwekhanda namathempeli, isimo somqhele ngukuhluka kwaleli fomu,
• ukukhumula, ebonakala ngokwakhiwa kwe-foci enkulu ebamba ikhanda lonke, ngokulondolozwa kwezinwele ezindaweni ezincane,
• ukugunda - izinwele ziqhekeka esikhunjeni endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha ayi-1-1,5, lokhu kuhluka kuhlukaniswe nokutheleleka ngefungus (trichophytosis).

Uhlobo lwesifunda lwe-alopecia egxile

I-alopecia egxile yohlobo lokudalulwa

Kukhona nohlobo lwe-androgenetic alopecia lowesifazane nowesilisa, okuhambisana nokungalingani kwama-owesilisa nabesifazane ama-hormone ocansi ngokuqukethwe kwabo okujwayelekile egazini. Kungenzeka futhi ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-androgen ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-tumors akhiqiza ama-hormone, ukungasebenzi kwe-hypothalamus, i-pituitary noma i-adrenal cortex, ukwehla kwe-estrogen ezifweni zama-ovari, gland yegland, njll.

Ngokuya endaweni yomonakalo kanye nohlobo lwenkambo, lezi zindlela ze-alopecia ezigxile ziyahlukaniswa:

• benign njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla
• malignant, okubandakanya amafomu angenasisekelo, okuphelele nawendawo yonke.

Ifomu elingaphansi kwalo liboniswa inkambo ehamba kancane kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani leziza nendawo yazo ayigcini nje ngokukhula kancane futhi kancane kancane, kepha futhi kuhlanganiswe nokulahleka kwama-eyelashes nezinwele ezindaweni ezingaphandle zamashiya.

Ingqikithi - zonke izinwele ezisekhanda nobuso ziphuma zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu. Uma izinwele zibuyiselwa, khona-ke le nqubo ihlala iminyaka futhi ivela ngokulandelana okuhle: izinkophe, amashiya, ubuso. Izinwele ekhanda zikhula zigcine.

Ngefomu lendawo yonke, izinwele zilahleka hhayi kuphela ebusweni nasekhanda, kepha emzimbeni nasezandleni nasezintanjeni zonke.

Inani lefomu le-alopecia

I-Androgenetic alopecia

Ibalelwa ku-90% yazo zonke izimbangela ze-alopecia emadodeni nakwabesifazane.Lolu hlobo lwempande luhlukaniswa ngabalobi abaningi njengabazimele, yize ngokubukeka luphazamisa kakhulu futhi luvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-orenal seborrhea. Lesi sifo sihlotshaniswa nofuzo odluliselwa ngofuzo ngendlela evelele, umsebenzi owaziwa, ngokunokwenzeka, ngamasu athinta isenzo sama-enzyme ezinweleni nasezinhlafunweni ze-papillae. Lezi zinhlelo ziholela ekuguqukeni okwandayo kwe-testosterone ibe yifomu esebenzayo, futhi nakwabesifazane, baba phakathi. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo zezimpandla emadodeni nakwabesifazane zingahluka.

Enye indlela ukusebenzisana okuphezulu kwama-receptors e-testosterone nama-enzyme athile wesikhilimu. Ezindaweni ezivundlayo ziphakeme kunezindawo ezingathinteki.

I-Androgenetic alopecia kwabesifazane

I-Androgenic alopecia emadodeni

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Alopecia

Imigomo yokwelashwa yilena:

1. Ukuqedwa kwezinto ezifakayo ngokunika amandla ukulala, ukwenza umsebenzi nokuphumula, ukunquma okungaxutshwe nama-antidepressants, ekudleni okufanele nokuqeda i-foci yokutheleleka okungapheli.
2. Ukucacisa ukulungiswa kwe-zinc, amavithamini anezici zokulandela umkhondo, ama-amino acid metabolites nama-nootropes (i-Cerebrolysin, i-Nootropil) ngokungenisa ngaphakathi, kanye nokusebenzisa kahle i-mesotherapy, i-ion ne-phonophoresis.
3. Ukwenza ngcono i-microcirculation yegazi kanye nezinqubo ze-metabolic ezindaweni ezithintekile ngosizo lwezidakamizwa i-Curantil, i-Aminophylline, iTrental, ne-Doxium, i-Heparin yokugcoba, i-Solcoseryl, njll. Ama-physiotherapeutic agents nawo anconyisiwe (imisinga ye-Darsonval, i-microcvele kanye ne-laser, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuxilonga), ukusetshenziswa kwendawo okucasulayo. (ecasulayo) amakhambi.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-immunomodulators (Inosiplex, Levamisole, Timopentin) nama-immunosuppressants (PUVA therapy).
5. Ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwama-glucocorticoids ukuze kucindezelwe ulaka lwe-autoimmune. Ngezindlela ezinobungozi, asetshenziswa ngomlomo ngendlela yamaphilisi noma imijovo. Ezimweni eziningi zezindlela ezijwayelekile ze-alopecia ebalulekile, ukwelashwa kwe-pulse ngePrednisolone noma i-Triamcinolone kwakusebenza.
6. Usebenzisa i-biostimulator yokukhula kwezinwele (Minoxidil).

Ngama-cicatricial futhi ezimweni eziningi zezindlela ezinobungozi ze-alopecia egxile, okuwukuphela kokwelashwa kungukudluliselwa kokuhlinzwa kwama-follicles aphumelelayo.

Kuyini i-alopecia?

I-Alopecia Yigama elilungile ngokwezokwelapha izimpandla. Imvamisa, leli gama lisho ukuphenduka kwezizathu zezokwelapha, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ungathola ibinzana elithi "alopecia ngokomzimba." Kuqondwa njengenqubo yemvelo yokuncipha nokulahlekelwa izinwele, etholakala kubantu abaningi.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-alopecia, ngayinye yazo enezindlela zayo zokuthuthuka nezimbangela. Ngokuyikhona okuvame kakhulu ukubizwa kwe-androgenic and androgenetic alopecia, okubangelwa izakhi zofuzo nokushintshwa kwama-hormone emzimbeni.

Ukulahlekelwa izinwele njengamanje kubhekwe njengenye yezinkinga ezivamile zokuhlobisa izimonyo. Ngombono wezokwelapha, kungokwenkambu yesikhumba. Kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukahlukene zokuvimbela nokwelashwa, okuyinto, ngeshwa, ezingasebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Kwezinye izimo, i-alopecia ingabhekwa njengesifo esizimele, kodwa njengokuboniswa kwenye i-pathology noma umphumela wayo. Isibonelo, kwezinye izinqubo ze-autoimmune noma ngenxa yokulimala, isikhumba esikweleni singalimala. Lapho-ke impandla izoba ngeyesibili. Kwesinye isikhathi le nqubo iyaphenduka, okungukuthi, ukususa imbangela ye-alopecia kuzokwenza izinwele zikhule emuva.

I-Alopecia ingaba yendawo futhi ithwebule izindawo ezilandelayo:

• isikhumba (i-alopecia evame ukubhekisa kuleli fomu)
• intshebe emadodeni
• amashiya
• eyelashes
• indawo ye-groin
• isifunda se-axillary.

I-alopecia ephelele nayo ingenzeka, lapho izinwele ziphuma emzimbeni wonke. Imvamisa lokhu kubangelwa izinqubo ezihlelekile emzimbeni - ukungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba, izifo zofuzo noma ukuphazamiseka kwehomoni.

Kwesinye isikhathi i-alopecia yendawo ingabhekwa njengophawu. Isibonelo, ngesikelemu esivamile noma ezinye izifo zesikhumba zokukhunta, izinwele ziyaqhekeka futhi ziwele endaweni ethile. Kodwa-ke, kuleli cala, lokhu ukubukeka nje kwesinye isifo, futhi ukwelashwa kwaso kuzobuyisela ukukhula kwezinwele ngokuzayo.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-alopecia?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokuzala. Zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba zomzimba nezezifo. Izizathu zomzimba zifaka phakathi izinguquko zesikhumba ezihlobene nobudala. Ingxenye ye-follicles atrophy, umsoco wesikhumba uyanda, futhi izinwele kancane ziyancipha bese ziphuma ngaphandle. Le nqubo ithatha isikhathi esiningi futhi iqhubeka kancane kancane. Isici esibalulekile ukuqagela ifa. Kuthinta isilinganiso sempandla, iminyaka eqala ngayo, kanye noshintsho oluqondile lwekhanda (kusuka lapho ukuhla kwempandla kuqala).

Phakathi kwezimbangela zokulahleka kwezinwele, lezifo ezilandelayo zingahlukaniswa:

• Ukuphazamiseka kweHormonal. Ama-Androgens anethonya elikhulu kunqubo yokukhula kwezinwele nokulahleka kwezinwele. I-hormone dihydrotestosterone ilimaza ama-follicle wezinwele, okuholela ekuwohlokeni kwazo nasekuqedeni ukukhula kwezinwele. Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwale hormone kungaphazamiseka ezinhlotsheni zezifo ezahlukahlukene, i-alopecia ingaba yizizathu eziningi. Baldness ngesinye isikhathi ihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal njenge-hypothyroidism noma i-hyperthyroidism (yezifo ze-thyroid), kanye ne-pituitary gland engasebenzi kahle, elawula umsebenzi wezinye izindlala ze-endocrine. Izinkinga ngokusebenza kwe-pituitary gland, ngokwesibonelo, ziyaqapheleka kwisifo se-Symmonds.

• Ukusabela ekuphuzeni umuthi. Ukuthatha umuthi othize nakho kungadala ukulahleka kwezinwele. Kulokhu, izindlela zamahomoni (nge-dihydrotestosterone), izinqubo ze-autoimmune noma ze-allergic zingathinteka. Imithi ejwayelekile kakhulu engadala izimpandla yi-cytostatics, anticoagulants, ibuprofen, D-penicillamine, izidakamizwa ze-antimalarial. Kulesi simo, akuyona neze inkinga yokweqisa noma i-regimen engalungile yemithi. Le mphumela wecala ingavela (yize kungenqabile) nalapho uthatha le mishanguzo ngemithamo yokwelapha. Kuya ngokuzwela komuntu ngamunye komzimba. Njengomthetho, ukulahlekelwa izinwele okusheshayo ngemuva kwenkambo emfushane yokwelashwa kucishe kungakaze kuhlangatshezwe. Imvamisa sikhuluma ngama-pathologies lapho iziguli zithatha khona la maqembu angenhla emithi izinyanga eziningana noma ngaphezulu.
• Ukuxineka Imbangela yokuxineka ingaba nokuhlangenwe nakho okungokomzwelo okuhlala isikhathi eside, usizi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi nje ukuguqulwa kwendawo ejwayelekile. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukucindezela okuphelele kuyindlela esebenzayo. Kuyabonakala ngochungechunge lwama-hormone nezinto ezisebenzayo ezingena egazini. Ukukhishwa isikhathi eside kwalezi zinto kungonakalisa umzimba. Omunye wemiphumela kungenzeka ube yimpandla. Kulokhu, kuvame ukushintshwa futhi kuphenduleke kahle ekwelashweni uma izinto ezibangela ingcindezi ziqedwa.
• I-Hypovitaminosis.Amavithamini ayizinto ezibalulekile zama-enzyme ahlukahlukene anesibopho sokuguqula ezinye izinto ziye kwezinye. Ngakho-ke, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini kubambezela izinqubo ze-metabolic. I-Vitamin ngayinye ibandakanyeka ekudleni kwezicubu ezithile, ngakho-ke ukuntuleka kwayo kunezimpawu ezikhethekile. Ukukhula okujwayelekile kwezinwele, amavithamini anjenge-B2, B3, B6, H, E, ne-folic acid abaluleke kakhulu.Iningi lalawa mavithamini lingena emzimbeni ngokudla, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ezigulini ezinezimpandla eziqala ukuqapha ukudla kwazo.
• Ubuthi. Kwesinye isikhathi izimpandla zingumphumela wokudla ubuthi obuhlukahlukene. Kulokhu, singakhuluma ngawo womabili umthelela oqondile kuzinwele zezinwele nokuvinjwa okungaqondile kokukhula kwezinwele (ngohlelo lwe-endocrine, metabolism, njll.). Ubuvila bungahambisana nobuthi ngezinto ezinjenge-thallium, i-mercury, i-chloroprene kanye nezinye izinambuzane. Futhi, ukulahlekelwa izinwele phakathi nokudakwa kakhulu kuvame ukuhambisana nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ekwelapheni umdlavuza.
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo. Kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, inkinga evame kakhulu yizilonda zesikhumba fungal, okudala ingxenye yezinwele kanye ne-alopecia yendawo (ebalulekile). Njengomthetho, ukulahleka kwezinwele kula macala kungokwesikhashana. Isimo esihluke kancane ngezilonda zesikhumba samagciwane. Kulokhu, ukuqina kanye nokwanda kancane kancane kwezikhwanyana zezinwele kuvame ukwenzeka. I-Alopecia ayinakuguqulwa. Izilonda zesikhumba ezithathelwanayo nge-leishmaniasis, i-pyoderma, isifo sofuba sesikhumba, i-syphilis, uchoko (uchoko), njll. Kungaholela emiphumeleni enjalo.
• Ukuphazamiseka Kwengqondo Kunezinhlobo zezifo zokuzala noma ama-syndromes lapho inqubo ye-intrauterine yokwenziwa kwesikhumba nokwenziwa kwayo iphazamiseka. Lapho-ke izinhlamvu zezinwele zingase zingabikho nhlobo noma zingasebenzi kahle. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zinhlaka, sizokhuluma ngokuntuleka kokukhula kwezinwele kusukela ekuzalweni.
• Izifo ezingamahlalakhona Ukulahleka kwezinwele kungenzeka kwizifo ezibucayi zesikhathi eside (ezithathelwanayo noma ezingatheleleki), ezithinta kakhulu imetabolism emzimbeni. Ama-pathologies anjalo, ngokwesibonelo, isifo sikashukela, i-hepatitis ye-viral engapheli, i-leukemia. Izinwele ezinalezi zifo ziqala ukuncipha, bese ziphuma ziphume ngokuphelele. Lolu phawu alubonwa kuphela ekhanda. Amashiya amancane anciphisa, izinwele ze-vellus esikhunjeni, izinwele ezisezinqeni.
• Ukulimala. Ukulimala okulimazayo kuzobuye kuxoxwe ngemininingwane engezansi. Kubonakala ngenxa yokubhujiswa okuqondile kwezikhwanyana zezinwele ngenxa yokuchayeka emzimbeni. Lolu hlobo lwe-alopecia lubizwa ngokuthi i-scarring.
• Izifo ze-Autoimmune. Kwezifo ze-autoimmune, ukwakheka kwama-antibodies ngokumelene namaseli womzimba uqobo kuyenzeka. Kwezinye izimo, la ma-antibodies ahlasela izinhlamvu zezinwele, izinwele ziphume, noma ukukhula kwazo kuyeke.
• Ukugula kwemisebe.Ukugula kweradiation kuyinkimbinkimbi yesibonakaliso ekhula lapho imisebe ivela emzimbeni. Uma umthamo owamukelwe udlula umkhawulo we-3 Grey, khona-ke kungenzeka kungabikho ukubonakaliswa okujwayelekile, kepha izinhlamvu zesikhumba sezonakalisiwe, futhi izinwele ziwe ngaphandle. Emuthweni ophakeme, izimpawu ziyabuye zibonakale ohlelweni lwe-hematopoietic, ipheshana lesisu, uhlelo lwezinzwa nolwezinhlobo zofuzo. I-Radiotherapy yomdlavuza ihambisana nokuchayeka esigulini. Kodwa-ke, kuleli cala, imisebe iwela endaweni ethile. Ngakho-ke, ukulahleka kwezinwele kungabhekwa kuphela endaweni ye-irradiation.

Izimbangela ze-Alopecia emadodeni

Emadodeni, imbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-baldness (ezimweni ezingaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90) yi-androgenetic alopecia. Ngalesi hlobo lwesifo, akuyona inqubo yenqubo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezingeni nje lofuzo, izinhlelo zokulahlekelwa izinwele zenziwa eminyakeni ethile. Kuhileleke ngokuqondile kule nqubo yi-hormone yabesilisa dihydrotestosterone. Ngokungafani nabesifazane, abanokuncane kakhulu kwaleli hormone, amadoda ahamba ngokwejwayelekile, futhi le nqubo ibonakala kakhulu.

Izinga nesigaba sokuqina komzimba emadodeni kuvame ukuhlaziywa esikalini seNorwood. Lesi sikali sibonisa okwasendaweni yendawo yokulahleka kwezinwele (imvamisa umugqa wezinwele ebunzini nokulahleka kwezinwele emqheleni), kanye nendawo ephelele yempandla.Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuzula kwezizathu zomzimba cishe njalo kuthinta ingxenye kuphela yezinwele. Inani elithile, njengomthetho, lihlala ngemuva kwekhanda noma ngesimo semigqa ngemuva kwezindlebe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinwele ezingemuva kwekhanda zikhuphule ukumelana (ukumelana) nesenzo se-dihydrotestosterone. Abantu abayizingqabavu ngokuphelele bavame ukushefa izinwele zezinwele ngenxa yezizathu ezinhle. Ngokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal, izifo kanye nezinye izindlela, ukulahleka kwezinwele okuphelele nakho kungenzeka.

Uma sikhuluma ngokuhlukahluka kwe-alopecia (alopecia areata, izifo zesikhumba, njll.), Khona-ke kwenzeka emadodeni nakwabafazi abanemvamisa efanayo.

Izimbangela ze-Alopecia kwabesifazane

Kwabesifazane, i-hormone dihydrotestosterone nayo idlala indima ekwenziweni kwe-alopecia. Kodwa ukulahleka kwezinwele kwenzeka ngendlela ehlukile. Ikakhulu, okuthiwa i-diffuse alopecia kwenzeka. Ezimweni eziningi, kungumphumela wama-pathologies ahlukahlukene noma amathonya angaphandle.

Ukulahleka kwezinwele komzimba kwabesifazane nakho kuyisimilo, kepha kuyabonakala ngeqiniso lokuthi izinwele zikhula ngokuvamisile, ziba mncane futhi zibe mncane. Izinga nesiteji sempandla kwabesifazane lilinganiswa esikalini seLudwig. Umgomo wokwehlukanisa kuleli zinga ukwandiswa kokuhlukaniswa okuphakathi kusikhumba.

Into ebalulekile ethinta ukuthuthukiswa kwe-alopecia kwabesifazane ukukhulelwa nokuya esikhathini. Esimweni sokuqala, abesifazane bavame ukulahlekelwa izinwele ngokushesha nje kokubeletha. Ngokuya esikhathini, izinga le-estrogen egazini lehla kakhulu. Ukulinganisela phakathi kwama-hormone ocansi abesifazane nabesilisa kuvukile, futhi endaweni ethile, isenzo se-dihydrotestosterone kungaholela ekwehlekeni kwezinwele.

Izimbangela ze-alopecia ezinganeni

Ukwenza kusebenze ukukhula kwezinwele kwenzeka ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuzalwa kwengane. I-Alopecia, eyavela ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala emi-3, imvamisa kakhulu ibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo kokuzala. Ikakhulu, sikhuluma ngezinkinga ngokuthuthukiswa kwezikhwanyana zezinwele esikhunjeni, izinkinga ngezindlala ze-endocrine, ama-syndromes ahlukahlukene athinta isikhumba.

Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, izingane zivame ukuthuthukisa i-alopecia areata. Ukugxila okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kokulahleka kwezinwele kuvela ekhanda, elinomngcele ocacile. Ekubonakaleni kwale ndlela yokusebenza, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezibandakanyekayo ezibandakanyekayo, kepha indlela yokuthuthuka kwayo ayikasungulwa ekugcineni. Ngokungafani nabantu abadala, ezinganeni i-alopecia areata zivame ukuvela esifundeni se-occipital futhi zingasakazeka ezinweleni ngemuva kwezindlebe. Kwesinye isikhathi inqubo yokulahleka kwezinwele yenzeka ngokuma. Ezimweni eziningi, kuba nokuqubuka kancane kancane kwesifo. Ukwelashwa akuhlali kuphumelela ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha kunjalo, amacala okululama okuzenzakalelayo ayaziwa. I-Alopecia areata ingenzeka ebusheni, noma kunjalo, ukwanda kwalesi sifo ezinganeni kusesezingeni eliphansi kakhulu kunakuqala.

Enye imbangela evamile ye-alopecia egxile ezinganeni yi-ringworm. Kwezokwelapha, kwamukelwa ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-microsporia ne-trichophytosis - ukuhlukahluka oku mbili okuvamile kwalesi sifo, okuqanjwe ngakho nge-pathogen. I-Microsporia ivame ukuthinta isikhumba, kanti i-trichophytosis nayo ingathinta izipikili nesikhumba kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Zombili lezi zifo zibangelwa isikhunta futhi ziyatheleleka, okungukuthi, ezithathelwanayo. Ukulahleka kwezinwele kwenzeka kancane kancane ngaphezu kwezinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa. Kuqala izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine ngemuva kokuxhumana nomuntu ogulayo noma isilwane (ikati, inja).

I-Beard alopecia

Ukulahlekelwa izinwele ze-nentshebe akuyona inkinga evamile njenge-scalp alopecia, kepha ingaba nezindlela ezifanayo nezimbangela zokuthuthuka. Ngokuvamile, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izici ezinomthelela ekulahlekelweni izinwele kwesinye isikhathi zithinta nentshebe. Imvamisa, ukubonakala kwe-foci eyodwa noma eziningi ezincane lapho ukukhula kwezinwele kuyekayo.Ngenxa yendawo yakhona, i-foci enjalo idala ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimonyo kubantu abakhulisa intshebe namadevu.

Ukuhlelwa ngokwejwayelekile kokudla, ukuqedwa kwengcindezi nokunakekelwa kwesikhumba okufanele kungabuyisela ukukhula kwezinwele kancane kancane. Azikho izifo ezithile ezingathinta le ndawo ethile. Imvamisa ezigulini ezine-alopecia endaweni ye-chin kungekudala, iziqalo zezinduna ziyabonakala esikhumbeni.

Kwesinye isikhathi intshebe i-alopecia ihlotshaniswa nezinkinga eziningana zesikhumba ngesikhumba sobuso. Ikakhulu, imayelana ne-acne ne-rosacea (rosacea). Ukulimala kwezikhwanyana zezinwele kungenzeka ngokungcoliswa kwesikhumba nge-parlicite Demodex follicuculorum. Amacala afanayo ajwayelekile kakhulu emadodeni aneminyaka engu-18 kuye kwengama-30. I-dihydrotestosterone eyedlulele ithinta izinwele zentshebe iye ngezinga elincane, ngoba izinhlamvu zazo, ezinjengezinhlamvu zezinwele ezingemuva kwekhanda, azinaki kangako esenzweni sale hormone.

I-eyebrow Alopecia

Ukulahleka kweshiya kuvame kakhulu ukuqala ngengxenye (ye-lateral). Ezimweni eziningi, kungenye yezimpawu noma ukuboniswa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zesistimu. Kodwa-ke, kunenombolo yama-pathologies lapho kuthinteka khona kuphela amashiya, futhi i-alopecia ayisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ukulahleka kwamehlo kwendawo kungaba, ngokwesibonelo, umphumela wokungena ngokungafanele noma ukulimala kwezikhwanyana zezinwele nge-Demodex folliculorum mite. Lapho-ke inqubo ayisakazeki, kepha amashiya angawa ngokuphelele.

Kwezifo ezikhululekayo, ama-pathologies alandelayo avame ukuholela ekulahlekelweni kweshiya:

• I-Hypothyroidism Ukwehla kwezinga lama-hormone e-thyroid kuvame ukukhula ngokushoda kwe-iodine, ukuvuvukala okungahambi kahle kwalesi sitho, nokuwohloka kwe-autoimmune kwezicubu ze-gland.
• I-syphilis yesibili. Ukulahleka kweshiya kungaba uphawu, kodwa hhayi uphawu oludingekayo. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokusabalala kokutheleleka ngokugeleza kwegazi kusuka ekugxiliseni okuyinhloko.
• Isifo sikashukela mellitus. Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic emzimbeni wonke, futhi ukulahleka kwamashiya kuvame kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa nokuvela kwe-alopecia kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Ukushoda kwe- iron ne-Vitamin B12. Kuyimbangela ejwayelekile yokulahleka kwezinwele kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
• Uchoko (uchoko). Okwamanje kuyivelakancane kakhulu kwamanye amazwe ashisayo. Lesi sifo sibonakaliswa yisilonda sesikhumba esithathelwanayo esinezimpawu zokushintsha kwezici zobuso.

Kungani izinwele ziqothuka ngemuva kokubeletha?

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha, umzimba wowesifazane uthola izinguquko ezinkulu. Okokuqala, lokhu kuhlobene nemetabolism kanye namazinga e-hormonal. Omunye wemiphumela engaba khona yalolu shintsho kungaba yi-alopecia. Imvamisa, kuyinkinga yesikhashana, futhi njengoba umzimba ululama, izinwele zikhula emuva.

Ngokuvamile, izimbangela zokulahlekelwa izinwele ngemuva kokukhulelwa zilele emiphumeleni ehlukile yama-hormone kuzikhwanyana zezinwele. Uma ama-hormone owesilisa (okungekho amaningi emzimbeni wowesifazane) eba nomthelela ekulahlekelweni izinwele, khona-ke ama-hormone abesifazane, ngokuhlukile, azibambe. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, inani elikhulu le-estrogen liqukethe egazini likamama. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngisho nezinwele ezindala azikapheli, futhi ezintsha ziyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngemuva kokubeletha, amazinga e-estrogen ehla kakhulu. Ngokulingana nokulungiselela kwehomoni dihydrotestosterone, izinwele ezindala ziqala ukuphuma ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokhu, indlela ejwayelekile yokulahleka kwezinwele yanda amasonto ambalwa (futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinyanga). Kulokhu, i-alopecia ye-diffuse ivela ngokuncipha okulingana esikhumbeni.

Ama-eyelash kanye namashiya (futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinwele) zingaqala ukuwa ngisho nasezigabeni zakamuva zokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke isizathu kunalokho ukuntuleka kwezakhi ezithile zomzimba. Ikakhulu, umama okhulelwe udinga amavithamini B12 amaningi nensimbi.Ngaphandle kwabo, kokubili i-alopecia eguquguqukayo futhi egxile kungakha, kuthinte izindawo ezahlukahlukene ze-anatomical. Konke lokhu ukwephulwa kuguqulwa futhi, futhi uma uthola ukwelashwa okufika kudokotela nokwelashwa okufanele, izinwele zikhula ngokushesha.

Iziphi izinhlobo ze-alopecia ezikhona?

Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene i-alopecia engahlukaniswa ngazo. Ukuhlukaniswa okulungile kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ukwelashwa nokuqagela esimweni ngasinye kuhluka kakhulu. Isikhombisi esilula kunazo zonke indawo nendawo okwenziwa kuyo inqubo yenqubo. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo ayibalulekanga kangako ekuxilongeni isifo.

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-alopecia zihlukaniswa yindawo kanye nokusendaweni kokulahleka kwezinwele:

• Diffuse alopecia. I-Diffuse alopecia kwesinye isikhathi iqondwa njengohlobo lokulahleka kwezinwele kwabesifazane kwabesifazane. Kulesi sigaba, i-alopecia ye-fuse iboniswa hhayi ngokulahleka kwezinwele endaweni ethile, kepha ngokucekeka okuqinile, okubonakalayo kophawu lwezinwele kuwo wonke amabala ekhanda.

• I-alopecia yendawo (egxile). Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngokulahleka kwezinwele zasendaweni ekugxiliseni okuncane. Njengomthetho, inomumo oyindilinga noma o-oval. Kungahle kube nokugxilwa okuningi okunjalo ngaphezulu kwekhanda.
• I-Subtotal alopecia. I-Subtotal ibizwa nge-alopecia, lapho izinwele ziwela okungenani i-40% yobuso bekhanda.
• I-Ophiasis. Ngale fomu, kukhona ukulahleka kwezinwele kancane kancane emaphethelweni (ezungeze indawo) noma endaweni ethile (ngokwesibonelo, emuva kwekhanda kuphela, emathempelini, njll.).
• Ingqikithi ye-alopecia. Nge-alopecia ephelele, ukulahleka okuphelele kwazo zonke izinwele ekhanda kuyabhekwa (ngaphandle kwesilevu namadevu).
• I-alopecia ye-Universal. Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngokulahleka ngokuphelele kwe-hairline hhayi ekhanda kuphela, kepha nasemzimbeni wonke (amashiya, amashiya, izinwele ezindevini, isiqu, emaphethelweni, esifundeni se-pubic siphuma).

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa akuvezi izimbangela nezindlela ze-pathological ezidale lesi sifo, ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwaso okuncane kuncane. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izindlela zinoluhla olulinganiselwe lwezimbangela ezingakhona. Isibonelo, i-alopecia yendawo yonke ibonwa kakhulu ezifweni zokuzala. Okubi okubalulekile kulokhu kuhlukaniswa ukuthi akuhambelani. Ngamanye amagama, inqubo efanayo ye-pathological ingaqala njenge-alopecia ebalulekile, bese idlulela ku-subtotal, bese iba yifomu ephelele.

Futhi kuyisiko ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili ezibalulekile ze-alopecia, kuya ngokuthi yisiphi isigaba sokukhula izinwele eziphuma. Ochwepheshe kuphela abangahlukanisa lesi sifo ngalesi sibonakaliso ngemuva kokuhlolwa kahle kwezimpande zezinwele eziwele.

Izinwele zingaqhamuka ngezigaba ezilandelayo:

• Isigaba se-Anagen. Lesi sigaba esingesokuqala ohlelweni lokukhula kwezinwele. Ukwahlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwamaseli, ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhi zesakhiwo. Ukulahleka kwezinwele esigabeni se-anagen akujwayelekile kakhulu ekusebenzeni futhi kuhlale kunama-pathologies ahlukahlukene. Izimbangela ezingenzeka zingaba ubuthi ngamakhemikhali athile, i-chemotherapy noma i-radiotherapy. Izinwele ziqala ukuphuma kuphela ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezine ngemuva kokuphazamiseka. Inqubo ingatwebula yonke i-hairline futhi ibangele i-alopecia ephelele.
• Isigaba se-Catagenic. Lesi sigaba siyashintsha. Ukulahleka kwezinwele kulesi sigaba sokukhula kwezinwele kuyaqabukela ngoba isigaba sigcina kuphela amaviki ambalwa (ngenkathi isigaba se-anagen sihlala iminyaka).
• Isigaba seTelogen. Isigaba se-telogen silandela isigaba se-catagenic. Ukulahleka kwezinwele kulesi sigaba kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi zomzimba noma ze-pathological. Ukuqala kwesigaba se-telogen ekuqaleni, ngokwesibonelo, kungahle kube ngenxa yendlala, ukulahleka kwegazi, umkhuhlane isikhathi eside. Futhi, lolu hlobo luphawu lokuzala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane noma ngemuva kokuqothuka okubukhali kokuthatha izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zomlomo ezihlangene (COCs).

Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlukaniswa akuyona indawo yonke, njengoba kungazibandakanyi izimbangela zezimpande nezinqubo zezimpandla. Isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesiteji ekuxilongeni. Ekugcineni, odokotela kudingeka babone indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo. Kulokhu, kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningi ezahlukahlukene, akukho nokukodwa okwenzeka emhlabeni jikelele. Njengomthetho, amagama ezinhlobo ze-alopecia njengezifo ezizimele ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo.

Ngokwokubuka okusebenzayo, kulula kakhulu ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-alopecia:

• i-androgenic alopecia,
• phazamisa i-alopecia,
• acopaticial alopecia,
• i-alopecia areata,
• i-alopecia yokuzalwa,
• i-autoimmune alopecia,
• i-hormonal alopecia,
• seborrheic alopecia.

I-Androgenic alopecia

Kukhona i-dihydrotestosterone engaphezulu emadodeni kunabesifazane, ngakho-ke bavame ukuzalwa ngaphambili. Kodwa-ke, emzimbeni wesifazane, le hormone ikhona futhi ngamanani amancane, ngakho-ke izinwele kancane ziyancipha futhi ziphume. Ukwanda okunamandla kwezinga laleli hormone kwabesifazane, okuholela ekuphulweni okusheshayo, yi-pathological.

Ekuthuthukiseni i-androgenetic alopecia, lezi zigaba ezilandelayo zingahlukaniswa ngesimo:

• Ekuqaleni, i-dihydrotestosterone ijoyina ama-follicle receptors ezinwele, kepha iguqula kuphela umsebenzi wazo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zezinwele ziyaqala - ukoma, ukungabi namuntu, ukuthamba.
• Ngokulandelayo, izinkinga zokukhula kwezinwele ziqala, njengoba ziqala ukukhula kancane, futhi nezinwele ezilahlekile zibuyiselwa zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izinwele ezibonakalayo ziwohloka. Kodwa-ke, izinqubo ze-metabolic zisenzeka ezincwadini zezinwele, futhi lapho zihlolisiswa ngokucophelela, izinwele zisatholakala. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinezinwele ezimfishane, ezondile futhi ezinwebekile ezingabonakali kahle ngokubuka kokuqala.
• Ngemuva kwalokho ama-follicles wezinwele ayayeka ukukhiqiza izinwele zangempela, futhi izimpandla ziyenzeka lapho izinwele ziwela ngaphandle kodwa zingakhuli.
• Ngokwesilinganiso, eminyakeni eyi-10-15 ngemuva kokuqala kwenqubo, umlomo we-follicle, ongakhiqizi izinwele, ugcotshwa ngezicubu ezihlangene. Ukukhula kwezinwele ngemuva kwalokhu kuba yinto engenakwenzeka, futhi ukuvusa izidakamizwa ama-follicle noma ukuvimba kwe-dihydrotestosterone ngeke kubuyisele ukukhula kwezinwele zemvelo.

Le nqubo ivame ukubonwa kahle esikhumbeni. Uma sikhuluma ngamashiya, intshebe emadodeni noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, khona-ke umphumela we-dihydrotestosterone uvame ukuzwakala ungelutho, kepha ngokuvamile inqubo engenhla nayo iyenzeka.

I-Alopecia emadodeni ephikisana nesizinda se-androgenetic alopecia ingaqala eminyakeni eyi-17 - 18 (ekugcineni kokwakhiwa kohlelo lokuzala), nakwabesifazane - ngeminyaka engama-25 kuye kwengama-27. Sikhuluma ngabantu abaphilile abamane abanesifiso sokuthola ukulahleka kwezinwele kusenesikhathi. Ezintweni, njengomthetho, i-alopecia iqala kusuka ebunzini (ibunzi liphakama, okubizwa ngokuthi yizingcezu ze-bitemporal bald) noma kusuka kumqhele (esifundeni se-parietal). Kwabesifazane, izinwele ekuqaleni ziwela eceleni kokuhlukaniswa okuphakathi, ukusuka phambili kuya esifundeni se-parietal, kodwa ulayini wangaphambili wezinwele ucishe ungavuki. Izici ezinjalo zokusakazeka kwe-alopecia zichazwa yimizwa ehlukene yezinhlamvu zezinwele ku-dihydrotestosterone. Esifundeni esingaphambili nesiphakemeyo zizwela kakhulu, futhi izinwele ziphuma ngokushesha. Ku-lobe ye-occipital, ama-follicles cishe awathinteki kule hormone, ngakho-ke, izinwele zingahlala lapho isikhathi eside. Njengomthetho, ingemuva lekhanda eliba yindawo enikelayo yokufakelwa izinwele.

I-Cicatricial alopecia

I-Cicatricial alopecia, ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, akusona isifo esizimele. Ngale ndlela yokuphelela, sikhuluma ngokwakhiwa kwezibazi (izicubu ezixhunyiwe) esikhumbeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, izingcezu zezinwele ziyabhujiswa, futhi ukukhula kwezinwele kuyeke. Kodwa-ke, izibazi ziwumphumela kuphela, umphumela wokuphela kwezinye izinqubo ze-pathological.Ngakho-ke, i-alopecia ye-cicatricial ingabhekwa njengengxaki yezinye izifo.

Izibazi ezilandelwa ukulahleka kwezinwele okwalandela zingakheka ngenxa yezinqubo ezilandelayo zokugula:

• ukushisa okushisayo
• ukulimala ngomshini (amanxeba anenxeba),
• ukushiswa kwamakhemikhali (i-ingress yama-acid ajwayelekile noma ama-alkali),
• i-pyoderma (izinqubo zokutheleleka nge-purulent),
• ama-dermatomycoses (izifo fungal, kufaka phakathi i-lichen),
• isikhumba,
• ukubonakaliswa kwasendaweni kwezifo ezithathelwanayo kanye ne-autoimmune (isifo sofuba, i-syphilis, i-sarcoidosis, i-discoid lupus erythematosus, i-scleroderma, njll.).

Kulezi zimo, indawo yomonakalo incike kwisifo sokuqala. Njengoba iqhubeka, isayithi linganda, futhi i-alopecia yendawo izoba isiyonke. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngenqubo yokutheleleka ne-autoimmune. Isikhumba kulezi simo cishe siguqulwa njalo. Kukhona uphawu, ukukhonkotha noma ezinye izinguquko ze-pathological.

I-Alopecia areata

I-Alopecia areata yaziwa emhlabeni wonke njengesifo esizimele esingahlobene nezinye izinhlobo ze-alopecia. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-pelada, isiyingi noma i-alopecia ebalulekile (njengefomu elizimele, elingabhekiseli kuphela kwawasendaweni). Izindlela zokuthuthuka zalolu hlobo lwalesi sifo aziqondakali ngokuphelele. Ekuqhubekeni kwezifundo eziningi, bekunokwenzeka kuphela ukukhomba izici ezithile ezingathinta ukuthuthukiswa kwale ndlela yokusebenza kwezifo. Ngokwezibalo, abantu abasuka eminyakeni engama-20 kuye kwengama-40 bavame ukuthinteka kakhulu yi-alopecia areata, kodwa futhi kuyenzeka nasebusheni. Kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-50, lesi sifo siyivelakancane.

Okwamanje, kukholelwa ukuthi izici ezilandelayo zithinta ukubonakala nokuqhubekela phambili kwe-alopecia areata:

• isakhi sofuzo - ngaphakathi emndenini, izihlobo zegazi zinesibalo esiphakeme kakhulu salesi sifo kunesilinganiso sabantu,
• izifo zomzimba - imvamisa ezigulini zithola ama-antibodies e-organic noma ezinye izinkomba zezinqubo ze-autoimmune (i-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, vitiligo, idlulise i-rheumatoid arthritis, njll.),
• Isifo esithathelwanayo - lesi sifo sivame ukubonwa kubantu abane-foci engapheli yokutheleleka (ama-caries, i-tonsillitis engapheli, i-pharyngitis, i-otitis media, njll.),
• Isici se-psychosomatic - kuvame ukuzwakala kakhulu ezinganeni futhi kuqukethe ukubonakaliswa kwengqondo kwengcindezi yesikhathi eside noma ukucindezelwa okungokomzwelo (ngokwesibonelo, ukwanda kwengcindezi ye-intracranial ngokumelene nale ingemuva),
• i-endocrine factor - njengazo nezinye izinhlobo eziningi ze-alopecia, umphumela wama-hormone we-thyroid nama-hormone ocansi abesilisa ayabhekwa,
• ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi - ngezinkinga ze-atherosclerosis noma zokujikeleza emithanjeni yekhanda, ukondliwa kwezimpawu zezinwele ezinegazi elibuthakathaka kwehla (ingozi nayo iyanda ngezifo ezithile zenhliziyo nezokuphefumula),
• ukungalingani kwezakhi zomzimba - ezinwele eziwela ezigulini ezinalesi sifo, okuqukethwe kwe-zinc kuyancishiswa kuthi ithusi likhuphuke.

Isikhathi salesi sifo kanye nentuthuko yaso kunzima ukusibikezela. Iningi leziguli lihlakulela eyodwa noma ngaphezulu i-foci yokulahlekelwa izinwele. Okokuqala baba mncane, baba mncane, bese beqothuka ngokuphelele. Ukugxila kunemingcele ecacile, kepha izinwele ezisemngceleni walokhu kugxilwe futhi mncane, zintekenteke. Bangakhutshwa ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ezinye izimpawu ziyaqapheleka endaweni yokulahleka kwezinwele. Kukhona, ngokwesibonelo, ukwehla kokuzwela kwesikhumba, ukulunywa okuvela ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuvuvukala okuncane, okuvame ukuphuma ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-1 - 2. Ukucwilisa isikhumba, njengomthetho, akubonwa. Okunye, okuhlosiwe okusha kokulahleka kwezinwele kungavela esigulini, hhayi kuphela ekhanda.

Lesi sifo kungenzeka singaphenduli ekwelashweni isikhathi eside, kepha njengomthetho, izinwele zikhula kungekudala. Ekuqaleni ziba mncane futhi ziba buthuntu, kepha kancane kancane ziba yinto evamile.Ukukhula kwezinwele kungabuyiselwa ngaphandle, ngaphandle kokwelashwa okuthile. Umphumela ovama ukwenzeka ngemuva kokubuya kwezinwele kubuye kube yi-hypopigmentation noma i-depigmentation (izinwele kule ndawo zilula). Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-alopecia areata iqhubeka kancane, i-foci ikhule futhi ihlangane, iholele ekupheleleni, bese i-alopecia ephelele. Cishe i-10% yamacala, iziguli zihlangabezana nezinkinga ezipikili ezipikili (brittleness, dullness, fragility).

I-Congenital Alopecia

I-Congenital alopecia (atrichosis) ikhona njengesifo esizimele sofuzo, futhi ivela ngokuhlangana nezinye izifo zokuzala. Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngokungalungiseki kwe-intrauterine kwesikhumba sonke noma ukungabikho kwezimpawu zezinwele ezinjalo. Njengomthetho, ngalesi sifo, izinwele azikho emzimbeni wonke.

Lesi sifo singenzeka kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Imvamisa yayo iphansi impela. Iningi leziguli ezine-alopecia alikazalwa, kodwa lifunyenwe. Nge-atrihosis, ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kaningi akukhona. Izinhlobo zofuzo ezibhekene nokwakheka kwama-follicle ezinwele esikhathini sokukhulelwa azikho, noma ama-follicles uqobo asekhona, kepha awasebenzi.

I-Congenital alopecia ingahlanganiswa nezinkinga ezilandelayo:

• hypopigmentation noma hyperpigmentation yesikhumba (kukhanya kakhulu noma kumnyama kakhulu)
• isikhumba esikhonkotha
• isifiso sokutholwa izinhlobo zezikhumba zokwaliwa,
• ukukhuphuka kokuqina kwesikhumba
• izinto ezingahambi kahle ekwakheni izipikili namazinyo.

Izinhlobo nezimpawu zalesi sifo

Namuhla, i-syphilitic baldness ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu:

1. Ukugxila okuncane. Kulesi simo, i-baldness iwela emathempelini nasemuva kwekhanda, idala i-foci encane yokwanda kubo. Ububanzi besigaba esisodwa esinjalo bungamasentimitha angama-1-2 kuphela, kanti ukuma kwawo akuhambelani. Ama-foci uqobo ahlakazekile ezindaweni ezihlukene angathintani. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinwele ezinama-alopecia amancane agxekayo ziyaphuma kancane. Ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa izinwele, iziguli eziningi zibona ukuncipha kwamadevu, isilevu nezinwele zomzimba.
2. Ubunzima. Ukuqala kwalolu hlobo lwe-alopecia yisifunda sesikhashana, ngemuva kokwehlulwa lapho ukulahleka kudlulela engxenyeni enkulu yekhanda. Lolu hlobo lwe-pathology alunazimpawu zobuntu ezingalinganiswa ne-syphilis. Lesi sifo siqala ukuzibonakalisa kuphela ngemuva kokudluliselwa noma ukuthambekiswa kwesifo esiyingozi.
3. Kuhlanganisiwe. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa zombili izindlela ezedlule ze-alopecia, lapho izimpandla ziqala khona ngokushesha nangokuzumayo. Ngokulashwa okufanele, ukukhula kwezinwele kuqala ezinyangeni ezi-2 ngemuva kokuqedwa ngokuphelele kokufakwa. Le ndlela yalesi sifo ibhekwa njengeyingozi kakhulu futhi ingenakutholakala.

Izimpawu zezinhlobo ezingenhla ze-syopilitic alopecia zifaka:

• Ukusakazeka okusheshayo kwempandla kuzo zonke izisekelo zekhanda.
• Ukungabikho kwezimpawu ze-syphilitic.
• Ukulahleka kwesiko kuwo wonke umuntu onobuhlakani obuhlukile bokukhula.
• Ukuxilongwa okunzima ngenxa yokutheleleka kwe-syphilitic.
• Ukuqedwa kwe-prolapse ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, ngemuva kokusabalala kokutheleleka emzimbeni.

Ngokulashwa okufanele futhi okufika ngesikhathi, i-hairline ibuyiselwa ngokuphelele ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-6-8, noma kunjalo, imicu ingaqhuma futhi ibe mnene.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze uqalise ukuqeda izimbangela zokuphamba futhi uphathe ukwelashwa okuphelele kokulahleka kwezinwele.

Ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, uchwepheshe uzokhomba i-micosporia kanye nezinye izifo ezithathelanayo zesikhumba, futhi angafaki ne-degree cicatricial ye-alopecia eyenzeka kaningi lapho kungekho ukwelashwa. Lezi zinyathelo ziyadingeka ukuze kungahambisi ukukhula kwe-baldness, kodwa ukukhomba ngokunembile imbangela yokulahleka.

Ngokuboniswa kokuphindelela, odokotela batusa ukusika izinwele ezifushane ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaleyo ndlela:

• Yehlisa ingcindezi kuma-follicle wezinwele.
• Khuphula ukuhamba kwegazi ezimpandeni.
• Shesha ukuhamba kwegazi ezindaweni ezithintekile kwesikhumba.

Ukwelashwa kwe-balphness ye-Syphilitic

Ekwelashweni kwalesi sifo, isiguli kufanele sithathe inkambiso yamavithamini azopholisa izimpande zezinwele, futhi senze kube njalo ukukhula kwezintambo. Njengamanje, amalungiselelo omlomo, okhilimu kanye namafutha okugcoba asetshenziselwa ukususa ukungena ngaphakathi. Futhi, umphumela wokwelashwa osheshayo unikezwa yi-physiotherapy, i-ultrasound namanye amasondo, anqunywe ngodokotela ngenani elikhulu le-pathologies yokulahleka kwezinwele.

Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, kubalulekile ukulandela ngokuqinile izincomo zikadokotela, kanye nemithetho ethile yokunakekelwa kwezinwele:

• Kuyafaneleka ukugeza izinwele zakho kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili ukuze i-sebum ingavali pores yesikhumba.
• Kunconywa ukuhlanganisa izinwele zakho njalo, ngenkathi ungadabuki isikhumba, futhi ungagxili amazinyo kanzima ezindaweni ezithintekile.
• Kusetshenziswa imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwezinwele akunconywa, ngoba zicasula isikhumba bese kuvala isakhiwo sezinwele ngamakhemikhali.

Izimpawu ezejwayelekile ze-syphilis yesibili

Ukuqala kwe-syphilis yesibili kubhekwa njengokuvela esikhunjeni kanye nolwelwesi lwama-mucous lwama-rashes ahlukahlukene. Izakhi zihlukile, kepha ungakhomba iphethini ngokubonakala kokuxhamazela nezici zalo ezijwayelekile:

1. ukuqubuka kusakazeka yonke indawo, i-syphilis yesibili ibonakala ngokusabalalisa kwenqubo,
2. i-benign course: ukuvuvukala kuhamba kancane ngaphandle kokubhubhisa isikhumba nolwelwesi lwamafinyila,
3. ukuntuleka komkhuhlane,
4. ukuqubuka kuvela esikhunjeni esiphilile futhi kwehlukaniswe kuso ngokucacile,
5. izinto azihambelani nemizwa yenzekile (ukulunywa, izinhlungu, i-paresthesias),
6. izithunzi ezibomvu zamachashaza (i-cherry, ubomvu wethusi, i-cyanotic nabanye),
7. umehluko ngesimo nosayizi weminwe,
8. ukutheleleka okuphezulu kwezinto ezi-erosive and ulcerative, okungukuthi, amandla okuthelela abanye abantu,
9. ukunyamalala okuzenzakalelayo kwe-rash foci,
10. ukusabela okuhle kwe-serological (ukusabela kukaWasserman).

Inkambo yalesi sifo ayichazi, kunezikhathi ezintathu ze-syphilis yesibili: okusha (kusenesikhathi), ukubuya (ukubuyela emuva), inkathi yamuva. Uma ungekho ukwelashwa, imivimbo iyanyamalala emavikini angama-2-10, kuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana ibuye ivele. Ngokuqhubeka kwale nqubo, amagagasi alandelayo wemishayo anezici ezinhle:

1. inani lamaphashaza liyancipha ngesiqephu ngasinye esisha,
2. ukukhuphuka ngosayizi wezinto lapho kubuyiswa futhi,
3. izakhi zomjiko zihlelwe ngokwakhiwa kwezibalo ezahlukahlukene,
4. ukuqubuka kutholakala endaweni ezindaweni zezingxabano nokucindezela.

Izakhi ze-syphilis yesibili yesikhumba nama-mucous membranes abizwa ngokuthi yi-syphilis yesibili futhi ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu: i-papular, amabala (i-roseolous) ne-pustular. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nge-syphilis yesibili, i-pigmentation kanye nokulahlekelwa izinwele kuyabonakala.

Ukuqhuma kweRoseola

AmaRoseols ayizinto ezakha imithambo zesimo esiyindilinga kufika ku-1 cm ububanzi futhi zisakazeka endaweni engaphezulu ye-trunk. Umngcele wamachashazi awubukeki kahle, ayizicaba, awuphakama ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Umbala wezinto uhluka kusuka kubomvu okhanyayo esiqeshini sokuqala kuya kwepinki ephaphathekile kumaza alandelayo wemisipha. Amabala aqaqamba ngokufutheka, athathe izidakamizwa ze-vasodilator, anyamalale ngomfutho. Uma i-roseola ikhona ngaphezu kwamaviki ama-3, i-hemosiderin ifakwa kuyo, futhi iba mnyama, iba nsundu, bese iyeka ukunyamalala ngengcindezi.

Ngaphezu kwenguqulo eyisisekelo yokuqhuma kwe-roseola, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ezingafaniyo ziyahlukaniswa:

1. I-roseola (exudative, ephakamisayo, i-urticar) ibonakala ngesiqephu sokuqala se-syphilis yesibili. Amabala akhuphuka ngaphezu kobuso besikhumba futhi afane nokuqhuma okungahambi kahle okhalweni. Kodwa ama-roseola, ngokungafani nezinto zokwaliwa, awahambisani nokulunywa.
2. I-Flaky roseola ihlukile kwepea le-classical lapho kukhona khona i-pei egxile ngaphezulu.
3. I-roseola ye-follicular (punctate, granular) ibonakala ngokuvela kwamaqhubu amancane abomvu ebusweni bomlomo wezikhwanyana zezinwele.
4. I-drain roseola ivela lapho kukhona khona imishayo ye-profuse ngesikhathi sesiqephu sokuqala se-syphilis yesibili. Izakhi zokuxubha zihlangana ukwenza izindawo ezinkulu ze-erythematous.

Ukuqhuma kwepopular

Ukuqhuma kwe-papular nge-peeling ("iBeetta collar")

AmaPapules ane-syphilis yesibili abonakala ngokuthungwa okuminyene, akhuphuke kancane ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Ubukhulu buhlukahluka kusuka emaphepheni amancanyana, we-miliary (1-2 mm) ukuya kufana nohlamvu lwemali (1-3 cm ubukhulu) nezinto ezihlanganayo ezinjenge-plaque (like 3 cm). Ukuqhuma kwe-papular kuyehluka futhi ngombala: kusuka ku-pink-red to cyanotic. Ekuqaleni, ingaphezulu le-rash libushelelezi, njengoba likhula, kuvela ikhasi ekugxiliseni. I-Hyperkeratosis enkabeni yento yokuqunjelwa iyanyamalala kancane kancane, futhi ukukhonkotha kutholakala kuphela emngceleni wethala. Ngakho-ke, kwakheka isici esibonisa is syphilis yesibili - i- “Beetta collar”. Lapho amaphaphu esakazeka esifundeni esiseceleni sokukhula kwezinwele, kusungulwa esinye isibonakaliso esaziwa ngokuthi yi-syphilis yesibili ekhanda - "umqhele weVenus". Ukuqhuma kwe-papular kusakazekela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, ngegagasi lokuqala le-syphilis yesibili, i-foci ayihlanganisi futhi ayihlanganisi iqembu.
Kukhona futhi izinhlobo zokuphamba kokuqhuma kwamaphepha:

1. Amaphaphu we-seborrheic abonakala ngokubonakala kwamakhaza aphuzi ebusweni be-foci, futhi izinto ngokwazo zitholakala ezindaweni “zesikhumba se-seborrheic” esikhumbeni: esihlathini, esifundeni esingaphambi kwaso, ekhaleni nasesilevini. Izimbambo zithambekele ekuhlanganiseni nasekwenzeni izindawo ezinkulu ze-lesion.
2. Amaphaphu we-Psoriasifomic afana nezindawo ezi-psoriatic ngenxa yezikali ezinkulu ezimhlophe. Ama-foci awahlanganisi futhi awuthambekele ekukhuleni okuphathelene ne-peripheral.
3. I-Cockard papular syphilis ibonakala ngokuvela kwepulule enkulu, lapho kuvela khona izinto ezincane zendodakazi.
4. Amafomu we-Lysant syphilis lapho amaphaphu amancane ehlakazeka ngokungaxhunyiwe endaweni yokuqubuka okukhulu.
5. Amaphilisi we-Macerated (erosive) avame ukwenziwa endaweni emafwini amakhulu esikhumba, esifundeni se-perianal naphakathi kweminwe. Lezi zinto ezigxilwe esikhathini esiningi zihlangana, zenze amaphutha amakhulu anemiphetho emile.
6. Ifomu le-condylomas ebanzi (eluhlaza okotshani) endaweni yamaphaphu we-erosive. Lezi zigxile endaweni engalingani, ethambekele ekukhuleni okuphathelene nethambo.
7. I-Palmar-plantar syphilis ihlukaniswa ukwenziwa kwasendaweni kwamaqembu wamaphepula ezintendeni nasezinyaweni.

I-syphilis yesibili ivame ukubonakaliswa ngomqubuko ohlanganisiwe we-roseole-papular.

Ukuqhuma kokuqina

I-sypilis ethandekayo ye-pustular

Lolu hlobo lwamakhaza namuhla lutholakala kuphela ngokuphulwa okukhulu kokuvikelwa komzimba kokuzivikela komzimba (ukutheleleka nge-HIV) futhi kuhambisana nenkambo enzima ye-syphilis. Izici zokuqhamuka zingaba khona ezingashintshiwe izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-3.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuqhuma kwe-pustular nge-syphilis yesibili:

1. I-syphilis ethandekayo yenziwa ezindaweni ezinobuso, ebusweni nase-pubic. Phezu kwamaphepha abomvu amnyama noma amakhethini anemibala yethusi, ama-pustule anamathayi amancane avela ezinsukwini ezingama-3-4, ngaphesheya lapho kusekhona umugqa wokungena. Kuvulwa ama-pulethi, ukuguguleka kwe-purulent kuhlala endaweni yawo.
2. I-syphilis encane iyizinto ezikhipha umfutho kufinyelela ku-1 cm ngosayizi ocindezelekile wesikhungo kanye nomphetho we-hyperemia. Njengama-syphilide ubudala, uqweqwe lokuhlanzeka lubumba ebusweni bayo, oluqhubeka izinyanga eziyi-1.5.
3. I-Syphilitic ecthyma - ukwakheka kokungenelela kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sezimpawu zokudakwa okujwayelekile nokwanda kokushisa komzimba, okungajwayelekile kwe-syphilis yasekilabhini. Maphakathi nendawo yokufakelwa, isikhungo sokuhlakazeka ngezicubu sakhiwa ngamaqhubu egazi aguquka abe ngamakhonkrithi ansundu. I-Ectima ithambekele ekukhuleni okuphathelene nethafa futhi isakazeka ijule esikhunjeni, ngoba ipholisa, ithathelwa indawo yicubu lesicubu.
4. I-Syphilitic rupee yinkambo enzima ye-syphilitic ecthyma. I-lesion ithambekele ekukhuleni ngokushesha futhi isatshalaliswa ezingxenyeni ezijulile zesikhumba. Ngemuva kokuba inqubo isixazululiwe, izibazi ezinemibala zahlala.

Ukuphazamiseka kobuthongo

I-Syphilitic leukoderma ibizwa ngokuthi ukugxila kokuntuleka kwe-pigmentation esikhunjeni. Izindawo zitholakala ngemuva kwentamo, zakha "umgexo weVenus."

Ukunyamalala kombala kungokwesikhashana, izilonda zingahlala esikhunjeni cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Isizathu sokwehla kwe-pigmentation yesikhumba kubhekwa njengomphumela ongaba khona we-treponem ku-nerve plexus entanyeni, izakhi zazo ezibhekene nokulawula ukwakheka kwe-melanin.

Ukwehlulwa kolwelwesi lwama-mucous

Ukuqhekeka kolwelwesi lwama-mucous ane-syphilis yesibili kubalulekile ekuhlolweni kwesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhi zokuxhamazela okwenziwe ku-mucosa womlomo kufaka isandla ekudlulisweni okusheshayo kwe-pathogen kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye ngokuqabula, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka ejwayelekile yokuhlanzeka.

I-Treponema ihlasela ama-tonsils (syphilitic tonillitis), i-larynx, ingaphezulu lolimi kanye nengaphakathi lezihlathi. Kulokhu, ukuzwakala kwezwi, ukuvuvukala kwamayoni ngaphandle kobuhlungu lapho ukugwinya kungabonakala.

Ukulimala kwezitho zangaphakathi

Ukusakazeka kwe-hemato native ye-treponemas kuholela ekuqubukeni kokuvuvukala kuzo zonke izitho zangaphakathi: i-gastritis, i-hepatitis, i-nephritis, ukuvuvukala okungacaciswanga kolwelwesi lwesibeletho nezinye izifo. Kwi-syphilis yesibili, lokhu kusabela akuvame ukuhambisana nezimpawu zomtholampilo, futhi ukulimala kwesitho kutholwa kuphela ngokuhlolwa kwe-pathological.

ISyphilis Pathogen Imininingwane

Syphilis - isifo esibonwa iziguli eziningi njengezici zesikhathi esedlule.

Kodwa-ke, izibalo zokubonwa kwezokwelapha zithi lesi sifo sande kakhulu kubantu besimanje. Kunzima ukuthola umshuwalense ngokumelene nayo.

Isifo siba khona uma kuphakama i-treponema, i-microorganism enesimo somjikelezo womzimba, ingena emzimbeni.

Lesi sifo sisho izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi. Kepha awuthinti kuphela izitho zangasese, kepha futhi nezinye izitho zomzimba womuntu. Ngenxa yalesi sici, i-pathology ibizwa ngokuthi i-systemic.

Ngokulashwa okungafanele noma ukungabikho kwayo ngokuphelele, i-syphilis ithambekele ekungalaphekeni. Iyakwazi ukuthinta uhlelo lwezinzwa ngokungaguquki, ngaphandle kwekhono lokululama futhi nengozi enkulu yokufa.

I-Syphilis yisifo okunzima ukwelapha, senzeka ngezikhathi eziningana.

Isikhathi sokuqala kwalesi sifo asitholakali ukutholakala ngaso. Njengoba iboniswa inkambo yezimpawu eziphansi, ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwezikhalazo okuphelele.

Okokuqala ngqa, isiguli singeniswa kudokotela esikhathini sesibili noma sesesekondari. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimpawu zokuqala zokuqina kwenduna ziyavela emzimbeni nge-syphilis.

I-Pale treponema idluliswa isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye ikakhulukazi ngocansi olungavikelekile. I-pathogen ayinakuphila emvelweni.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ungenwe yile ndlela yokuxhumana yasekhaya kuphela ezimeni ezihlukile, ngokunganakwa okukhulu kwemithetho yenhlanzeko.

Isikhathi sokufakwa kwesifo sihlala amaphakathi namaviki angama-3-4. Uma ukungatheleleki komuntu onegciwane kuqinile ngokwanele, ukufakwa kungandiswa kuze kufike ezinsukwini eziyi-100-120. Ukuhlukahluka okunjalo esikhathini sokufakwako kuyenza ibe nzima kakhulu le nkomba.

I-Alopecia ene-syphilis

Ukulimala esikhumbeni kungukuphambuka okuvela uma ukutheleleka sekuvele kudlule kude impela. Ukutheleleka lokhu bekungamahlalakhona futhi bekungalashwa ngemishanguzo ye-antibacterial yama-classic ukuqeda lesi sifo.

Ngokwesilinganiso, izimpawu zokuqala ze-alopecia zivela ezinyangeni ezi-6 ngemuva kokutheleleka. Isikhathi singakhuphuka ezigulini ezinokungazinzi komzimba okuqinile futhi sinciphe uma ukungatheleleki buthaka.

Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kungagxila futhi kusebenze.Izinguquko zokugxila zivame kakhulu, njengoba nodokotela beqaphela. Akhula ngokuya ngendlela elula elula.

I-pathogen eye yangena emzimbeni yenza izinguquko zokungena esikhunjeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-follicles ezinwele ancishwa amandla okudla ngokuphelele, adlulise izakhi ezinweleni. Umphumela ubikezelwa: amaseli aqala ukufela ezinhlangothini zezinwele. Izinwele zigcina sezikhipha, kepha okusha azikwazi ukukhula ngalesi sikhathi, ngoba lesi sigaxa singenayo i-trophism.

I-Diffuse alopecia iba khona uma umzimba uhlupheka isikhathi eside ngenxa yobuthi obudonswa bangene egazini yi-treponema ephaphathekile. Okokuqala, isiguli sibona ukuthi izinwele ziyancipha emuva kwekhanda namathempeli. Kungenxa yalezi zindawo ukuthi inqubo yokulahleka kwezinwele iqala ngokufiphaza i-alopecia ngenxa yokutheleleka nge-treponema ephaphathekile.

Udokotela, enza ukuhlolwa, angabona izilonda ezincane eziyindilinga ezinesimo esingajwayelekile. Ububanzi obuphakathi bumsuka kusuka kumamilimitha ambalwa kuya ku-4-5 cm. Ama-foci awahlanganisi omunye nomunye, anconywe ngemichilo ecacile yezinwele ezinempilo.

Futhi, isiguli asikhonondi ngobuhlungu besikhumba, asizikhathazi ngokulunywa nezinye izimpawu ezingezinhle. I-peeling nayo ayikho, izimpawu ze-dandruff azixhomekile ekubeni khona kwe-pathogen emzimbeni.

Izinwele ezisekhanda lesiguli ehlushwa yi-syphilis zibukeka njengoboya obudliwa kahle yinundu.

Isibonakaliso esinjalo sinzima ukudida nanoma yini. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa i-syphilis kusuka ekulahlekelweni izinwele okubangelwa ukutheleleka ngefungus.

Esimweni sesibili, ukulunywa kwesikhumba kungahle kube khona, iziguli zivame ukukhala ngokuxebuka.

Isazi se-trichologist esizokwazi ukubona ukuthi lapho isikhunta singawi, izinwele ziyanqunywa, okubangela ukuncipha kwazo. Ukulahleka kwezinwele kuvame ukuqala kungazelelwe, ngaphandle kwezimfuneko.

Kwabamele ubulili obunamandla, isibonakaliso siziveza kaningi kunabesifazane. Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu oyedwa kwabane abane-syphilis unesifo sokuwa izinwele.

I-Cicatricial alopecia ene-syphilis nayo ingakhula. I-pathology enganakwa kakhulu iholela ekushintsheni okushiwo ekwakhiweni kwezinwele. Kukhona ukwanda kokungabaza kwabo, ukuqina, nokuqina ngokweqile hhayi nje kwezeluleko, kodwa nangazo zonke izinwele zizonke.

I-Syphilis: ukulahleka kwezinwele kwenye indawo

Imvamisa evela ezigulini ehhovisi lodokotela, kuphakama umbuzo wokuthi ngabe izinwele ze-pubic zingahle zivele ngenxa ye-syphilis. Yebo, odokotela bathi kungenzeka.

Iqiniso ngukuthi ukusebenzisa i-alopecia kuthinta isembozo hhayi kuphela ekhanda, kodwa emzimbeni wonke. Amashiya, ama-axillaries, kanti kwezinye izimo imilenze nayo iyahlupheka.

Uma kungenjalo kuphela isikhumba kuphela esabandakanyeka enqubweni ye-pathological, udokotela unesizathu sokusho ukuthi lesi sifo asinakwa kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa nge- alopecia okwenziwe ngokujwayelekile.

Ukulahleka kweshiya kuwuphawu lokutheleleka kwe-treponema kapende, okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-tram-hlobo syphilis. Igama lichazwa kalula nje. Ngeqiniso lokuthi ukuthambisa amashiya kuvame ukubonakala ngokucacile, kungabonakala ngisho nasezintweni zokuhamba zomphakathi.

Kuliqiniso, namuhla, ngenxa yokuhlwitha amashiya ngendlela esebenzayo, imikhuba yokubekwa tattoo, i-tram syphilis ayivamile.

Ngokwehlukana, odokotela bahlukanisa uphawu lwePincus. Kulokhu, i-alopecia ithinta i-eyelashes yesiguli. Baqala ukufana nesitebhisi ngokubukeka kwabo.

Amanye ama-eyelashes acacile isikhathi eside, kanti amanye, kunalokho, amafushane kakhulu. Ukulahleka kwezinwele kusilevu namadevu ane-syphilis kwezocansi oluqinile akuyona into engjwayelekile. Izimpawu kuleli cala azihlukile kakhulu kusuka ku-classical alopecia yekhanda. Ziletha inani elikhulu lokuphazamiseka, njengoba kunciphisa ukukhanga komuntu ngobuhle.

Odokotela baphawula ukuthi ngenxa yezilonda ezijwayelekile zesikhumba kubonakaliswa umlingiswa omncane wokugxila esikhathini sesibili sesi sifo.Kulokhu, ukwakheka kwamaphaphu nama-pustule esikhunjeni sesiguli. Lokhu kulimaza izinhlamvu zezinwele, kungavumeli izinwele zikhule ngokugcwele, zikhule zidle. Ngokwemvelo, ama-bulbs angenamandla afayo, izinwele ezintsha nazo azikhuli.

Lapho i-syphilis iqala, ukulahleka kwezinwele

Lapho ukulahleka kwezinwele nge-syphilis kungumbuzo ojwayelekile ongazwakala ezigulini lapho kuqokwa udokotela.

Odokotela baphawula ukuthi izimpawu zokuqala zokulahleka kwezinwele zivela ngemuva kokuba lesi sifo siveze ezinye izimpawu zaso.

Ekuqaleni, isiguli singakwazi ukukuqaphela ukuphambuka. Ngoba, ngokomqondo, umzimba ulahlekelwa inani elincane lemicu yezinwele nsuku zonke.

Kodwa-ke, ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-pathology kuzoholela ekwandeni kwesibalo sezinhlaka zezakhiwo ezonakalisiwe. Kulokhu, izinwele zizokhula kancane kunokuphelelwa, okuzoholela ekubukekeni kwe-foci yempandla.

Ngokwesilinganiso, kusukela esikhathini sokutheleleka nge-treponema ephaphathekile kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwe-alopecia, kudlula izinyanga ezi-4 kuye kweziyi-6. Ngokwemvelo, inqubo ingasheshiswa uma umzimba wesiguli ungakwazi ukuzivikela ngokuphelele ekuthelelekeni. Inqubo incipha uma umzimba wesiguli ulwela ngenkuthalo umenzeli wesifo.

Isikhathi sokubumbana kwe-alopecia kungenxa yokuthi i-pathogenic microorganism ithatha isikhathi. Inani elanele lobuthi kufanele likhishwe ukwenza isithombe somtholampilo walesi sifo. I-Treponema idinga futhi ukuphindaphindeka ngamanani anele ukwakha ezinye izimpawu ze-pathology.

Ngabe izinwele ziyakhula emuva uma ziphuma ngaphandle kwe-syphilis

Ingabe kunethuba lokuphindana kabusha - omunye umbuzo udokotela angawuzwa ezigulini ezihlushwa izimpawu zesifo sofuba.

Odokotela baphawula ukuthi uma umuntu eqala ukwelapha lesi sifo esiyisisekelo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, ekugcineni uzokwazi ukubuyisa intambo yakhe esejwayelekile. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukubuyiselwa kuthatha inyanga eyodwa nohhafu kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili. Kwezinye izimo, isikhathi sokutakula singathatha isikhathi eside.

Eminye imithombo inolwazi lokuthi ukukhula kwezinwele kungaqala kabusha ngesikhathi lapho i-syphilis izosuka kusuka kokuqala kuya kokuphakeme. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ukululama kuzoba okwesikhashana, kungaphelelanga.

Odokotela baphawula ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-alopecia ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwe-treponema ephapheme kungaphumeleli. Akuwenzi mqondo ukuphatha uphawu ngaphandle kokususa imbangela yokubonakala kwayo.

Odokotela bangatshela isiguli ukuthi ukulahleka kwesembozo kuzoma ngemuva kwamasonto angu-1-2. Ngemuva kokuqala kokwelashwa kwesi sifo ngemishanguzo ye-antibacterial kuqala. Imithi kuleso naleso simo ikhethwa ngawodwana.

Isifo Sokuxilonga

I-Syphilis yisifo esingatholakali lapho kuvela izimpawu ze-alopecia. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukulahleka kobulili kungabangelwa ezinye izifo. Isibonelo, yizifo zokukhuphuka kwesikhumba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kokuphazamiseka kwama-hormone kuyadingeka.

Ubulili obuhle bungalahlekelwa izinwele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu akubonisi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-syphilis kubo, kepha akukukhiphi ngaphandle, kubalulekile ukukhumbula.

Enye imbangela yobuduna ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokukhulelwa ezikhethwe ngokungafanele, ukuzilawula kwezidakamizwa ezinjalo. Ama-pathologies e-oncological, izifo zesibindi ziyakwazi futhi ukuqala inqubo yokuqina.

Iziguli ezine-syphilis okusolwayo kufanele zihlolwe ukuze ziqinisekise ubukhona be-pathogen emzimbeni. Njengombhalo oyinhloko ocwaningweni, kusetshenziswa igazi, elihlolwa kusetshenziswa i-PCR, i-ELISA nezinye izindlela. Kuphela uma ubukhona be-treponema obuphakathi buqinisekisiwe emzimbeni, udokotela angakunikeza ukwelashwa okuthile. Uma i-treponema ingekho, khipha ezinye izimbangela zokuqhamuka kwesifo.

Odokotela bagxila eqinisweni lokuthi kwezinye izimo kuyadingeka ukukhipha izakhi zofuzo ezisendlaleni.

Yimuphi udokotela ozosiza ekulweni ne-syphilis

I-Syphilis yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Akumangazi ukuthi iziguli azihlali zazi ukuthi ziphendukele kubani ukuze zithole usizo. Konke kulula kakhulu.

Okokuqala, ngokubonakala kwezimpawu ezisolisayo, kufaka nokuqina, kufanelekile ukuvakashela udokotela wezikhumba. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuya kudokotela wamazinyo onobuhle nje uma kungekho zimpawu zes syililis akunangqondo.

Udokotela wesikhumba uzokwazi ukuhlola indawo yangasese futhi anikeze izimpawu ezihambisana nalokhu. Uzobeka izifundo okuhloswe ngazo ukukhomba i-treponema ephaphathekile emzimbeni.

Uma isibhedlela sine-syphilitologist, ungaxhumana naye. Ama-Syphilitologists akhethekile ngokukhethekile ekwelapheni, ekuxilongeni nasekuvimbeleni i-syphilis. Kodwa uchwepheshe onjalo ogxile kakhulu akekho kuzo zonke izibhedlela.

Udokotela wesikhumba noma i-syphilidologist, ngokubona kwakhe, angadonsela odokotela bakwelinye ikhono. Isibonelo, ungadinga ukubonisana nodokotela ojwayelekile wezifo ezithathelanayo, i-mycologist onguchwepheshe wezifo zokukhunta. Uma kunesidingo, i-trichologist ebhekene nezinkinga zokulahlekelwa izinwele ibandakanyeka kwinqubo yokukhetha ukwelashwa.

Iziphakamiso zokwelashwa kwe-baldness ku-syphilis

Izindlela zokwelapha i-baldness nge-syphilis ngokuyinhloko zisuselwa ekuxesheni umzimba womuntu we-treponema ophuzi.

Cishe akunakwenzeka ukumisa inqubo ye-alopecia kuze kufike ukubhujiswa kwe-pathogenic microorganism.

Ukubhekana nalesi sifo, odokotela basebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-antibacterial spectrum, lapho ukutheleleka kuthinta khona. Isisekelo sokwelashwa kwesimanje ngamalungiselelo e-penicillin ahlukahlukene. Kusukela i-treponema ithinta kakhulu kubo.

Izintandokazi zikadokotela zinikezwa ama-benzylpenicillins, njengoba engasebenzi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi enenani elincane lemiphumela emibi. Umthamo womuthi kanye nemvamisa yokuphathwa kwawo kukhethiwe esigulini ngasinye ngawodwana.

Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ngemuva kokwelashwa ngosizo lokuhlolwa ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi lesi sifo sihlulwa ngokuphelele. Uma i-treponema ephaphathekile iqhubeka emzimbeni, ukwelashwa kuqashelwa njengokungasebenzi, kukhethwe uhlobo olusha lokwelashwa.

Ngaphezu kwama-antibacterial agents, isiguli sinqunyelwe ama-immunostimulants asheshisa inqubo yokupholisa. Futhi, ama-prebiotic avikela umgudu wokugaya emiphumeleni emibi yama-antibiotics.

Udokotela angancoma i-physiotherapy, i-vitamin complexes.

I-Autoimmune Alopecia

Lolu hlobo lwe-alopecia aluvamile. Ukwehluleka esimweni sokuzivikela komzimba yimbangela yokulahleka kwezinwele. Amaprotheni athile ezinweleni zezinwele aqala ukubonwa ngumzimba njengemizimba yangaphandle. Ama-antibodies akhiqizwa ngokumelene nawo ahlasela futhi abulale ama-follicles. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhula kwezinwele kuyaphazamiseka bese kwenzeka i-alopecia.

Imvamisa, ukwephulwa okunjalo kwenzeka ngemuva kokugula, kuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwehomoni. Kwesinye isikhathi lolu hlobo lwe-alopecia luba khona ngemuva kokubeletha. Impandla ivame ukuguquguquka, ngoba ukwakheka kwezicucu zezinwele kuyafana, futhi ama-antigen anegazi eligelezayo nangokufakelwa izicubu angafinyelela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba.

Kwesinye isikhathi i-alopecia yenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezithile ze-autoimmune - i-lupus erythematosus, i-scleroderma, i-sarcoidosis yesikhumba, njll. Nokho, kulezi zimo, ama-antibodies awakhiqelwanga ngokumelene nama-follicles, kepha ngokumelene namaseli athile esikhunjeni, okubangela izibazi ukuba zakhe futhi izinwele zivimbe ukukhula. Le alopecia ibizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi i-scarring, hhayi i-autoimmune.

IHyponal alopecia

I-alopecia ye-Hormonal ingahle ifake imbandela kwezifo ezilandelayo:

• Isifo seBazedova (i-thyrotoxic goiter),
• Isifo seSimmonds
• IHashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis,
• Alopecia onesifo sikashukela
• ukuphazamiseka kwezocansi.

I-seborrheic alopecia

Nge-seborrheic alopecia ichazwa ukulahlekelwa izinwele ngenxa yesifo sesikhumba se-seborrhea. Nge-seborrhea, izindlala zesikhumba se-sebaceous zesikhumba ziyaphazamiseka, okuhambisana nokukhonkotha kwesikhumba futhi kwesinye isikhathi (kepha hhayi ngokungafanele) ukunqunyelwa kokukhula kwezinwele noma ukuncipha kwezinwele. Kulokhu, inqubo ibuyela emuva, ngoba lesi sifo asihambisani nokubhujiswa okuqondile kwezikhwanyana zezinwele. Kunezinkinga ngokusebenza kwazo.

Kukholelwa ukuthi izici ezilandelayo zingavusa ukukhula kwe-seborrhea ne-alopecia eyalandela:

• ukungondleki
• ukunganakwa kwenhlanzeko yomuntu siqu
• ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-hormonal (kufaka phakathi ukulawula ukuzalwa),
• izifo zesikhumba ezingalashwa
• ukucindezelwa njalo
• uhambo oluningi (ushintsho lwezimo zesimo sezulu),
• i-hypothermia noma ukushisa ngokweqile kwesikhumba.

I-Seborrhea ihlala ivela ebusheni futhi ihambisana nokuvela kwezinduna ebusweni. Futhi zezimpawu ezihambisana nalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele ukucwilisa isikhumba (ukubukeka kwe-dandruff), ukulunywa kwesikhumba, u-sheen wesikhumba. Imvamisa, lezi zimpawu zandulela ukulahleka kwezinwele, okuvela kakade ezigabeni zokugcina zalesi sifo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-alopecia

Ezimweni eziningi, isiguli uqobo siyabona ukuthi siqala ukulahlekelwa izinwele eziningi kunangaphambili. Lokhu kuba yisizathu sokuqala ukuxhumana nochwepheshe. Udokotela futhi wenza ukuhlolwa okuningana kwesiguli ukuze kutholakale ama-pathologies we-concomitant angaba imbangela ye-alopecia. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kwenziwa uchungechunge lokuhlaziya okuthile nezifundo ezisiza ukukhomba uhlobo lwenqubo ye-pathological.

Ukuhlolwa okuphelele okunconyiwe kwesiguli esine-alopecia kubandakanya izindlela ezilandelayo zokuxilonga:

• Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwendawo ethintekile. Besebenzisa isikhulisi esikhethekile, udokotela uhlola indawo yokulahleka kwezinwele. Kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini izimpawu ezihambisana nazo zokulimala kwesikhumba (ukukhwebuka, ukuvuvukala, njll.). Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola ukuthi ukukhula kwezinwele zezibhamu kuyabonakala yini.

• Isibalo segazi esiphelele -ukubona izinga lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, ama-platelet kanye nezinga le-erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Lezi zinkomba zingahle ziphambuke nezifo ezisheshayo kanye nobuthi.
• Amakhemikhali egazi -ukuzimisela okuphoqelekile kwezinga le-ALT, AST, bilirubin, ushukela wegazi (ushukela), cholesterol ne-alkaline phosphatase. Lezi zinkomba azidingeki kuphela ekuxilongeni, kodwa nasekuqokweni kwempatho efanele.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-syphilisukungafaki i-alopecia njengenye yokubonisa kwe-syphilis yesibili. Ngokuvamile kunqunywa lapho ama-foci amaningi avela ekhanda.
• Ukuhlolwa kwehomoni yeCortisol - Kudingekile ukubala umthamo uma kwenzeka welashwa ngama-hormone.
• I-X-ray yesikhumba - ngoba imbangela yokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal ingaba izinguquko emgodini we-pituitary. Njengomthetho, ngaphezu kwe-alopecia, isiguli sinazo ezinye izimpawu.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwama-hormone aphambili - i-hormone ekhuthaza ukukhula kwe-thyroid, i-prolactin. Izinguquko emazingeni ala ma-hormone nazo zikhombisa izinkinga ngomqubuko we-pituitary.
• Imicroscopy yezinwele. Ukuhlaziywa, isiguli sisusa izinwele eziningana eceleni komkhawulo we-alopecia zone. Ngemuva kwalokho, uchwepheshe utadisha ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwezinwele.
• I-Rheoencephalography (REG) - ukuthola ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni yaseshi nasengqondweni. Ukuhamba kwegazi okuhamba kancane kungaba ngesinye sezimbangela ze-alopecia areata.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi empeleni akuzona zonke lezi zifundo ezingenhla ezidingekayo. Udokotela oholayo okokuqala unquma ukuthi lokho, ngokubona kwakhe, kuzosiza kakhulu futhi kubize kakhulu esigulini. Kuphela uma imbangela ingakhonjwa ngosizo lwabo, bazoshintshela ezinhlelweni ezibizayo.Ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izindlela ezingenhla akudingeki kakhulu, kepha kungakuthola ukwephula umthetho futhi kukhombise ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile imbangela yalesi sifo ezimweni ezingaphezu kwama-95%.

Yimuphi udokotela ophatha i-alopecia?

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-alopecia kuvame ukwenziwa ngabodokotela bamazinyo noma ngamathambo. Ngokuvamile, indawo efunda izinwele nezinwele ibizwa ngokuthi yi-trichology. Lesi siyalo sisemngceleni wezokwelapha kanye ne-cosmetology. Ukuthola uchwepheshe omuhle kunzima. Kungakho emabangeni okuqala okuxilongwa, odokotela bezikhumba bavame ukubandakanyeka - ochwepheshe ezifweni zesikhumba siphelele kanye nezinhlelo zaso (izinwele, izipikili). Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma i-alopecia iwuphawu noma ukubonakaliswa nje kwesikhumba, khona-ke udokotela wesikhumba ozokwazi ukubhekana kangcono nokwelashwa kweziguli.

Uma kunesidingo, ongoti kumaphrofayli alandelayo angabandakanyeka ekwelashweni kweziguli ezine-alopecia:

• ama-endocrinologists - lapho uthola izifo noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal,
• nodokotela - ukulungisa ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba,
• rheumatologists - uma i-alopecia ithuthukile phakathi kwenqubo ye-autoimmune,
• izingane - kungadingeka ukuthi kuqokwe ukwelashwa okuphelele kwe-alopecia ezinganeni,
• udokotela - lapho ukucindezelwa kutholakala njengenye yezizathu ezingavusa amandla,
• izazi zokudla - bayabandakanyeka ekubonisaneni uma kwenzeka kungondleki noma kutholakele ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic,
• beauticians - ukulungisa izinkinga zezimonyo nokufihla izimpawu zesifo,
• odokotela bengqondo - kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka kubantu abasebasha abahlushwa i-alopecia.

Ngakho-ke, odokotela bamazinyo bavame ukuba babe odokotela bokuqala iziguli abaphendukela kubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokuthola imbangela yalesi sifo, abanye odokotela nabo bahlanganyela kule nqubo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-androgenetic alopecia

Ukwelashwa kwe-androgenetic alopecia kuvame ukwehlela ekusebenziseni izidakamizwa ze-hormonal ezivimba ama-receptors e-dihydrotestosterone noma kuncishiswe ukuphuma kwayo. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kuzohluka kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Imithamo yezidakamizwa kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa kwazo ibalwa ngesisekelo sokuhlaziya (ngokuya ngokuqukethwe kwama-hormone ahlukahlukene egazini).

Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-androgenetic alopecia:

• amalungiselelo asuselwa kumakhambi ngesenzo se-antiandrogenic (chronostim, tricostim, 101G),
• minoxidil 2 - 5%,
• i-Finasteride (yamadoda) 1 mg ngosuku,
• cyproterone acetate - yabesifazane,
• Abesifazane bangabekwa futhi ezindlini ezihlanganisiwe zokuvimbela inzalo, Diane-35 noma Silest.

Ukuphathwa okunjalo kufanele kuthathwe isikhathi eside, izinyanga eziningana. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-hormonal kunganikeza imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene. Ukuyekiswa kokwelashwa kuvame ukuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinwele ziqala ukuvela futhi. Ukuvuselelwa okugcwele kungenzeka uma izinga lama-hormone lishintshwa ngenxa ye-pathology. Uma uhlelo lofuzo lusetshenziswa ngenxa yokuguga, khona-ke ukwelashwa kufanele kuqhubeke ngokuqhubekayo ukuze kulondolozwe izinwele. Kuyasebenza futhi ngemuva kokufakwa kwezinwele, ngoba kuvikela izinwele ezifakelwe emzimbeni ekulahlekelweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukwelashwa kwe-alopecia areata

Ukwelashwa kwe-alopecia areata akuhlali kunikeza imiphumela emihle, ngoba imbangela kanye nendlela yokwakhiwa kwalesi sifo ayaziwa. Imvamisa, ukwelashwa okuvimbela izifo kubekelwa izifo ezahlukahlukene ezingadala lesi sifo. Ukuxhaswa kwe-immunotherapy kanye nokwelashwa ngamavithamini nakho kubekiwe.

Nge-alopecia areata, lokhu kulashwa okulandelayo kubekiwe:

• ukuqedwa kwe-foci engapheli yokutheleleka (ama-caries, i-tonsillitis engapheli noma imidiya ye-otitis, njll.),
• Amavithamini we-B,
• amalungiselelo we-multivitamin (i-novofan, i-revative, fitoval, vitrum, njll.),
• ama-immunostimulating agents (isoprinosine 50 mg nge-1 kg yesisindo somzimba ngosuku, kumithamo emi-4),
• izidakamizwa ze-glucocorticosteroid - ngokusho kwezinkomba,
• Ukwelashwa kwe-PUVA - ukwelashwa ngemishini ngemisebe ye-ultraviolet, izinqubo ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngeviki,
• dalargin intramuscularly 1 mg 1 isikhathi ngosuku,
• i-zinc oxide noma i-zinc sulfate - ngaphakathi,
• pentoxifylline ngomlomo i-0,1 g kabili ngosuku,
• ukugcoba kanye okhilimu kusetshenziswa ngemuva kokumisa ukulahleka kwezinwele (ama-vasodilators, i-cignolin 0.5 - 1%, i-glucocorticosteroid ointments, minoxidil 2 - 5%),
• isixazululo sendawo se-betamethasone,
• i-sedative yokuqeda ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa kanye nokucindezela kwe-intracranial (okunqunywe yi-neuropathologist ngemuva kokubonisana).

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, ukululama kungenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ngemuva kokuqedwa kokwelashwa. Kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela ezigabeni zokuqala ukuthi kuzoqala nini ukukhula kwezinwele. Kodwa-ke, ezigulini ezisezincane, kungekudala, ukululama kwenzeka ngamacala angama-80 - 90%.

Ingabe i-alopecia ingalapheka?

Ezingeni lamanje lokuthuthuka kwezokwelapha, ngeke kushiwo ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingama-alopecia ezingalapheki. Imvamisa, odokotela bayakwazi ukumisa ukulahleka kwezinwele kwe-pathological. Izinkinga zingavela nge-alopecia ye-cicatricial, lapho izinhlamvu zezinwele ngokwazo zibhujiswa noma zigcwala izicubu ezithintekayo. Lapho-ke ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kuzobe kungenamsebenzi, futhi kuyodingeka ukuba uguqukele ekuthatheni izinwele.

Ubunzima obuthile buvela futhi esimweni se-androgenetic alopecia emadodeni ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40. Iqiniso ngukuthi ukulahleka kwezinwele kuleli cala kuvame ukufakwa ngofuzo futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuliyeka. Ukwelashwa isikhathi eside ngezidakamizwa ze-hormonal ezisebenza kakhulu kungaba nemiphumela emibi eminingi.

Ukufakelwa kwezinwele ngenxa yempandla

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe ngenhla, ezimweni eziningi, izinqubo zokuwohloka kuzinhlamvu zezinwele azinakuguqulwa, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okulondolozayo ngemithi akunikezi imiphumela oyifunayo. Kulokhu, kunesixazululo sokuhlinzwa kule nkinga - ukufakelwa kwezinwele. Njengoba izinwele ezisezingxenyeni ze-parietal kanye ne-frontal zekhanda zivame ukuncipha bese ziphuma, imvamisa yezikhumba ezincane ezivela emuva kwekhanda zidluliselwa kule ndawo. Le buchopho ihlukaniswe imichilo ehlukile futhi ibekwe endaweni yempandla. Njengoba ama-follicles wezinwele kufleji lokunikelayo agcinwa, ngokufakelwa okuphumelelayo, ukukhula kwezinwele kuyagcinwa. Lolu hlobo lokufakelwa luhlinzeka ngokusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwezinwele ekhanda futhi lusebenza ngokugxila kwe-alopecia.

Enye inketho yokufakelwa indlela ye-follicular. Kulokhu, i-apparatus ekhethekile isusa ama-follicle endaweni yokunikela bese ifakwa endaweni ye-baldness. Ngakho-ke ungadlulisa izinwele ekhanda zivela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ukusebenza kwale ndlela emitholampilo eholayo kufinyelela kuma-95%. Uma sikhuluma nge-alopecia ye-cicatricial, khona-ke odokotela abahlinzayo beplastiki kuqala basusa izicubu endaweni ye-baldness, ngoba ayifaneleki ukufaka ama-follicles (inemithambo yegazi emincane).

Lapho uphatha ulwembu ngokufakelwa kwezinwele, lokhu okulimazayo okulandelayo kungaphawulwa:

• ukwakheka kwezibazi nezibazi endaweni yalowo onikelayo lapho kudluliswa okwenziwa isikhumba,
• ukulahleka kwezinwele emavikini okuqala emva kokufakwa kokumiliselwa (noma kunjalo, lapho isikhumba sivele, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, ukukhula kwezinwele kuvame ukuqalisa),
• ushintsho oluncane kumbala wezinwele otshalwe indlela ye-follicular kungenzeka,
• Kunzima kakhulu ukufakelwa izinwele eziningi kangaka ukuze uqinisekise ukukhula okuminyene (akuwona wonke ama-follicles aqala izimpande),
• indlela yokufakelwa kwe-follicular ihlala inqubo ebizayo,
• uma ufaka izinwele nganoma iyiphi indlela, kepha ungazivezi izimbangela zokuqina kokuqala, lapho-ke izinwele zizovela futhi.

Yini amakhambi esintu ekulahlekelweni izinwele?

Kunemithi eminingi yesintu engasiza ngokulahleka kwezinwele kusuka kusikhumba. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwazo ezimweni eziningi kuhambelana kakhulu.I-Alopecia ingaba nezimbangela eziningi ezahlukene, futhi umuthi ngamunye wendabuko uvame ukuhloswa ukuqeda eyodwa kuphela yazo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zimali ngaphandle kokuthintana nodokotela wesikhumba kungavele kungasebenzi. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwamaski okondlayo akuwenzi umqondo omningi uma imbangela yokuphanza kuyinqubo ethelelekayo, okuphambene nalokho.

Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, lapho uthola ukuthi izimbangela zokulahlekelwa izinwele nokukhethwa okuyikho kokupheka, amakhambi esintu angasebenza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banconywa ochwepheshe abaningi ezimweni lapho isiguli sine-contraindication (ngokwesibonelo, komzimba) ukwelashwa ngemithi ejwayelekile yasekhemisi. Kukholelwa ukuthi elinye lamakhambi asebenza ngempumelelo ebunandeni ngugalikhi.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo ezisuselwa kujusi wegalikhi:

• Ukushintshanisa i-gruel kusuka ku-garlic ecubuziwe kanye no-anyanisi ocubuziwe. I-gruel igcotshwa zonke ezinye izinsuku, ebusuku, ukumboza indawo yokulahlekelwa izinwele ngesendlalelo esincane se-gruel.
• Ijusi le-Aloe lixubene nejusi legalikhi ngokulingana okulinganayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, engeza uju oluncane. Ingxube igcotshwa ezinweleni ezinciphile ngaphambi kokugeza ikhanda imizuzu emi-2 kuya kwengama-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, bahlanza izinwele zabo nge-shampoo ejwayelekile.
• Ijusi lihlungwa kusuka ku-gruel yegalikhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuya ngohlobo lwezinwele (ngokuqala kwe-alopecia), kufakwa uwoyela wemifino. Umthamo wayo kufanele ube kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-50% wevolumu yejusi yegalikhi. Ngezinwele ezomile, isilinganiso samafutha siphakeme, nangamafutha - angaphansi.

I-Garlic iqukethe uwoyela obalulekile, uvithamini C, amakhompiyutha wesibabule nezinye izakhi eziningi zomsoco. Ngokwengxenye banomphumela wokubulala amagciwane, ngokwengxenye bondla isikhumba ngezakhi zomkhondo ezidingekayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-follicles wezinwele asebenza kangcono. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa nalawa ma-ejenti kune-minus ebalulekile. Iphunga elithile elihlaselayo liba yinkinga ezigulini, ngoba kufanele zisebenzise ukwelashwa okunjalo isikhathi eside.

Enye indlela yokwelashwa kwegalikhi izitshalo ezilandelayo zokwelapha:

• Isilinganiso sezimpande ze-burdock. Izimpande zigoqwa epanini bese zigcwaliswa ngamanzi (kuze kube yilapho imboza izimpande ngokuphelele). Imbiza ifakwa emlilweni ohamba kancane noma kuhhavini bese ibiliswa kuze kube yilapho izimpande zibilisiwe. Ngemuva kwalokho umhluzi ususwa emlilweni futhi uvuswe njengoba ubanda. Ingxube ebangelwa ifakwa esizeni se-baldness kabili ngosuku.
• Umhluzi we-sihlahla sivame ukutholakala. I-100 g yama-sea buckthorn amajikijolo kanye nama-100 g wamagatsha amasha asikiwe (anamaqabunga) angumhlabathi omkhulu. I-200 ml yamanzi abilayo ayengezwa kuyo futhi ingxube ephumayo ibilisiwe eminye imizuzu engama-7-10. Ngemuva kokupholisa, isisindo esiphumela umphumela sihanjiswa ezimpandeni zezinwele bese sishiyelwa isigamu sehora. Ngemuva kwalokho imaskhi iyahlanzwa ngamanzi afudumele. Uma ukulahleka kwezinwele kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, umphumela uzabonakala ngemuva kwamasonto ama-2 ezinqubo zansuku zonke.
• Ukufakwa kwe-calendula. Ama-inflorescence eCalendula athululelwa nge-vodka noma i-alcohol ehlanganisiwe ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-10. Ukufakwa kwenzeka esikebheni esivaliwe ngokuqinile amahora angama-24. Ukufakwa okufakwayo kufakwa engilazini yamanzi abilisiwe (1 isipuni ngengilazi ngayinye) futhi kuphuzwe kabili ngosuku.
• Izimbali zaseLinden. Izipuni ezi-5 zezimbali ze-linden zithululela ilitha eli-1 lamanzi abilayo futhi apholile. Ukufakwa okuholela izinwele ezihlanjululwe ngemuva kokugeza.

Amakhambi angenhla angasiza ekunciphiseni inqubo yokuqina. Kodwa-ke, uma izinwele sezivele zaphela ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal noma amanye ama-pathologies, khona-ke lezi zinqubo ngeke zibe nomphumela ofunekayo. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ubonane nodokotela wesikhumba ukuze ucacisa izimbangela ze-alopecia futhi uqale umuthi.

Yini ukuvimbela impandla?

Njengoba ngezinhlobo eziningi ze-alopecia (ngokwesibonelo, nge-alopecia areata), izimbangela nezinqubo zokwakhiwa kwalesi sifo aziqondakali ngokuphelele, azikho izindlela ezithile zokuthintela ezisebenzayo.Ukuze unciphise amathuba wesifo, kufanele ucabangele ukunakekelwa kwezinwele futhi uzame ukukhipha izinto ezihlukile ezingabenza buthaka.

Izincomo ezilandelayo zingabikwa ekuvinjelweni kwe-alopecia:

• ukugeza izinwele njalo usebenzisa ama-shampoos anempilo noma eminye imikhiqizo yokunakekela izinwele,
• ugqoke izigqoko emakhazeni nakushisa ukuvikela isikhumba kusuka ekushiseni okukhulu,
• ukwelashwa kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona
• gwema ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ezingadala i-alopecia,
• ukuxhumana nodokotela wezikhumba noma nge-trichologist esibonelweni sokuqala sokulahleka ngokweqile kwezinwele.

Njengoba kwezinye izimo lezi zinyathelo namanje zingavikeli ngokumelene ne-alopecia, futhi ukwelashwa kungenzeka kungaphumeleli, kufanele futhi uthinte ochwepheshe emkhakheni we-cosmetology nabalungisi bezinwele abafanelekile ngesikhathi esifanele. Bangasiza ngokushintshwa kwesithombe ukuze ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo kubonakale kungabonakali. Nge-alopecia areata kwabasebasha, usizo lodokotela wengqondo lungadingeka futhi. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sifo zibangela ukulahleka kwezinwele kwesikhashana, futhi ukululama kungenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, cishe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Liyini izinga lokulahlekelwa izinwele?

Ngokuvamile, asikho isimo esisodwa sokulahlekelwa izinwele esifanelwe bonke abantu. Iqiniso ngukuthi ukulahleka kwezinwele nokukhula kuy inqubo evamile yokuziphilisa, ethonywa yizinto eziningi. Le nkomba ingahluka usuku nosuku. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukulahleka kwezinwele ezingafinyelela ku-150 kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile nsuku zonke, futhi umuntu ophilile kakhulu uzolahlekelwa yi-40-50 nokho.

Lapho ubala inani lokulahlekelwa izinwele, izici ezilandelayo kufanele zibhekwe:

• kubantu abanezinwele ezibomvu, ngokwesibonelo, izinwele ngokwazo zikhulu futhi zivela ngamanani amancane kunoku, ngokwesibonelo, kuma-blondes,
• izinwele ziphuma ngokushesha ngokushintshwa okubukhali kokudla, ngenkathi umzimba uvumelana nokudla okusha,
• ngemuva kokucindezelwa okukhulu kwengqondo, umuntu angahle alahlekelwe yizinwele ezi-2-3, kepha lokhu kuthatha izinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezingu-1,
• ukubala ukulahleka kwezinwele kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile, ngoba ngemuva kokugeza izinwele zakho ngesikhathi izinwele eziningi zivame ukuphuma ngesikhathi, futhi umphumela uzoba nokubandlululwa,
• izinwele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ziwohloka ngamanani amancane kakhulu,
• ukubala ukulahleka kwezinwele akufanele kwenziwe ngenkathi uthatha imishanguzo noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezinamandla,
• ebusika kuqhwa kakhulu noma ehlobo ekushiseni kwezinwele eziningi kungahle kuphume,
• ukufaka imibala kwezinwele, ukuqondisa, ukugoqa noma ukudonsa okuvamile ku-bun noma umsila okuqinile kungasheshisa nokulahlekelwa izinwele ngasikhathi sinye,
• ngemuva kokubeletha, isilinganiso sansuku zonke sokulahlekelwa izinwele sikhuphuka safinyelela ku-400-500, futhi singathatha amasonto ambalwa.

Kodwa-ke, kuzo zonke lezi zimo, asikhulumi nge-pathology, kodwa ngomthelela ojwayelekile wezinto zangaphandle nezangaphakathi emzimbeni onempilo. Vele, ngokweqile okujwayelekile kwesiko, kusamele ubonane nodokotela wamazinyo noma wethreyistiki. Ngosizo lwabo, umuntu angalinganisa hhayi inani lezinwele elahlekile, kepha izinguquko zabo. Ukuhlaziywa ngokucophelela kokulahleka kwezinwele kungatshela okuningi ngoshintsho lwe-pathological emzimbeni. Imvamisa, izinwele aziphumi kanye nezimpande, amathiphu abo agcina ukuma kwawo okujwayelekile (ungahlukani, ungahlukani, njll.). Ukuba khona kwalezi zinguquko kukhombisa ukuqala kwezimpandla, noma ngabe isiguli sinezinwele ezingafika ku-100 ezilahlekile ngosuku.