Uhlobo lokukhula kwalolu hlobo lwe-alopecia luhlobene kakhulu nama-hormone ocansi kanye nesici sofuzo. Ukuncipha nokulahleka kwezinwele kubangelwa ukuzwela kwezimpawu zezinwele ku-dihydrotestosterone edluliselwa ngofuzo. Ngaphansi kwethonya laleli-hormone, i-spasm yenzeka ezithombeni zezinwele. Njengomphumela, kuvela umdweshu wefollicle wezinwele, iningi lezikhwanyana ziyafa.
Ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo kwe-androgenetic alopecia ukungabikho kwezinwele ebunzini nomqhele kanye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kwezinwele kwezinye izindawo okungakunaki kuma-hormone ocansi.
Kunezinhlobo ezi-3 ze-androgenetic alopecia:
- IHorseshoe Isithombe somtholampilo sivezwa ekulahlekelweni izinwele ngokweqile kwengxenye yangaphambili ukusuka ohlangothini lwamathempeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo iyanda kuyo yonke ingxenye ye-frontotoparietal, kancane kancane iba nekhanda eliyimpandla elibukeka njengehhashi.
- Isidleke. I-hairline iqala ukuba mncane ebunzini. Kancane kancane, inqubo ithwebula indawo yepharietal, yakha ikhanda lempandla olufana nesidleke.
- Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe. Izinwele ngasikhathi sinye kunciphisa engxenyeni ye-fronto-parietal kanye nasekhanda lekhanda. Izibalo ze-Bald zivele ngesimo sencwadi u-M. Uma inqubo ingenamiswa, izimpandla zigeleza zibe uhlobo lwehhashi.
Lolu hlobo lwe-alopecia luvame ukutholakala kwabesifazane ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormonal emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa, noma ukuthomba. Ukuqina okuyindilinga kubonakaliswa ukulahleka kwezinwele okufana komzimba phezu kobuso bonke bekhanda.
Nakani! Zivuse nokuthuthuka kwe-alopecia ye -useuse kungaba ukuzwela ngokweqile, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ukusetshenziswa okungalawulwa kwemithi elwa namagciwane namaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo.
I-Diffuse alopecia ihlukaniswe kabili:
- i-anagenic (yenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kocingo lwezinwele),
- i-telogen (etholakele esigabeni sokuphumula okuphelele kwe-follicle).
Ukulahleka kwezinwele okuningana kwendawo kutholakala njenge-alopecia ebalulekile noma ye-nestop. Isici esibonakalayo salolu hlobo lwempandla ngamakhanda ayimpandla wesimo esiyindilinga noma esiyindilinga.
Inqubo yokulahleka kwezinwele nge-alopecia egxile idlula ezigabeni ezintathu:
- I-Progressive - okuhlosiwe kwe-baldness iyakhula ngentshiseko, kuhlangana kancane kancane.
- I-inpatient - ukulahleka kwezinwele kuyaphela.
- Ukucindezela - ukukhula okunempilo kwezinwele kuyabuyiselwa.
Isimo isikhathi eside sokuxineka, ukulimala ekhanda, ukungalingani kwama-hormone emzimbeni, kanye nezifo ze-autoimmune kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-alopecia ebalulekile.
Inqubo engenakuphikwa yokulahleka kwezinwele, ihambisana nezinqubo ezinzima zokuvuvukala, izinqubo ze-atrophic and scarring kutholakale njenge-acicatricial alopecia. Izici ezikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwalolu hlobo lwempandla yilezi: izifo ze-autoimmune, izilonda ezithathelanayo zesikhumba, ukubekeka phambili kofuzo.
Ngama-alopecia we-cicatricial, ama-follicles wezinwele ayachithwa, endaweni lapho kuvela khona izibazi. Lezi zivalo ezihlanganisiwe zezicubu ziqeda ngokuphelele ukukhula kwezinwele ezintsha.
Ukunaka! Izithombe zemitholampilo ze-alopecia ye-cicatricial zibonakaliswa njenge-asymmetric foci of prolapse, lapho kubonakala khona izibazi nezilonda ze-atrophic Maphakathi nalezi zindawo kukhona izinwele ezimbalwa eziphilile.
Izindlela ezilandelayo ze-alopecia ye-cicatricial ziyahlukaniswa:
- okwesibili - kuba ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isifo,
- I-X-ray - iba ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kwezilonda ze-mycotic zesikhumba,
- I-idiopathic - iyivelakancane kakhulu, inemvelo engacacile yentuthuko.
Lolu hlobo lwe-alopecia luboniswa yimpandla ephelele hhayi kuphela yekhanda, kodwa futhi nezinye izingxenye zomzimba (izingalo, imilenze, indawo yofuzo, amashiya kanye nezinkophe ziyaphuma). I-alopecia ephelele ikhula ngokushesha. Zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili ukusuka ekuqaleni kokuqothuka, izindawo ezinkulu kakhulu, ezingenalutho ziyahlangana.
Inqubo yokulahleka kwezinwele esebenzayo ivusa isimo isikhathi eside sokuxineka, ukuphazamiseka kwama-hormonal, izilonda zesikhunta zesikhumba, ukuvezwa kwezinto ezinomsakazo namakhemikhali, ukusetshenziswa okungalawulwa kwemithi elwa namagciwane, i-chemotherapy kanye nokulimala kwekhanda.
Hlukanisa i-alopecia:
- inani - ukulahlekelwa izinwele emzimbeni wonke,
- subtotal - khula kancane, thinta kuphela izinwele ezisele ekhanda,
- indawo yonke - inqubo ye-pathological ye-baldness ithinta umzimba wonke, ipuleti lezipikili liyancipha.
Izigaba kanye namazinga empandla ngokusho kweNorwood
Ngaphambi kokuqamba inkambo yokwelashwa kwe-alopecia, udokotela trichologist unquma izinga lokulahleka kwezinwele. Ngale njongo, isikali seNorwood siyasetshenziswa - itafula elinezinombolo nencazelo eningilizayo yobunzima bokulahleka kwezinwele. Isikali seNorwood sihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo ezikhona ze-alopecia.
Ukuhlukaniswa kweNorwood kwezifo kuhlanganisa ama-degree ayisikhombisa we-alopecia wesilisa:
- Isigaba sokuqala. Kuboniswa ukulahleka kwezinwele kusuka phambili, ezindaweni zangaphambi kwekhanda.
- Owesibili. Izindatshana ezincane zezinduna ebunzini namathempeli athuthukisa amasentimitha ambalwa ngasemuva kwekhanda. Ngenxa yalokhu, izingxenye zesikhashana nezangaphambili zithatha ukwakheka kukanoxantathu. Izinwele zekhanda le-parietal lekhanda.
- Okwesithathu. Indawo yamathempeli nebunzi ibamba kancane ngisho nangaphezulu, kuvela iziqalo zamakhanda, zihamba ngaphezu kuka-2 cm ukusuka kulayini ongaphambili.
- NGOKU. I-Alopecia areata, ebonakala ngokulahleka kwezinwele okusebenzayo emqheleni. Ngokuvamile, izimpandla ze-3A zanda emadodeni emva kweminyaka engamashumi amane nanhlanu.
- Okwesine. Esimweni se-parietal, izinwele ziwohloka kakhulu noma cishe yonke into ivele ngaphandle. Indawo yamathempeli nebunzi idaluliwe. Izindawo ze-parietal kanye ne-frontotemporal zihlukaniswe umucu wezinwele.
- Okwesihlanu. Izinwele ezisesithombeni zacishe zaphela. Ibunzi ne whisky azivezi ngisho nangaphezulu. Inqubo yokugqwala imboza ingxenye ebalulekile yekhanda, yakha ukwakheka okwenziwe ngendlela yehashi.
- Eyesithupha. Izinwele ezixhuma izindawo zangaphambili nomqhele ngaphambili ziyaphuma. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakheka ibala elikhulu elikhulu.
- Okwesikhombisa. Ukulahleka ngokuphelele kwezinwele zangaphambili nangemuva lekhanda. Ingxenye encane ye-hairline ihlala kuphela endaweni yezindlebe, intamo nentamo.
Isimo sengqondo sokucophelela kuwe kuphela nokuxilongwa kwe-alopecia esiteji sokuqala esizoyilungisa ngokushesha le nkinga futhi igweme ukuzuma okuphelele.
Amavidiyo awusizo
Izinhlobo zezimpandla: isidleke, i-androgenic (androgenetic), i-cicatricial, egxila, yokuphikisa, isiyonke.
Izinhlobo ze-baldness (alopecia) ekhanda, nentshebe, amashiya, amashiya. Isikali se-Baldness.
Izigaba zesifo
- Isigaba sokuqala sivezwa ngokuncipha kwezinwele ngaphambili kwekhanda, okungukuthi, kusuka ezindaweni zesikhashana nezangaphambili.
- Isigaba sesibili - kuvela iziqalo ezivundile, eziqala kusukela esifundeni esingaphambi kwegobela ziye emuva kwekhanda. Banefomu elicacile lonxantathu.
- Isigaba sesithathu - izinwele ezisezingxenyeni zesikhashana nezingaphambili ziba zincane, ngaphezu kwalokhu, ukuqina komqhele kuqala.
- Isigaba sesine ukulahleka okunzima kwezinwele engxenyeni yekhanda, kuyilapho indawo yangaphambili namathempeli kucishe kudalulwe ngokuphelele.
- Isigaba sesihlanu - umugqa ongaphambili we-hairline udluliselwe phezulu, ingxenye ye-parietal iyavezwa. Kulesi sigaba, isikhumba sithatha ukwakheka kwehhashi.
- Isiteji sesithupha - izimpandla ezinzima ngaphambili, ngemuva nasezinhlangothini zekhanda. Lezi zingxenye ezingenalutho zihlangana endaweni eyodwa enkulu yempandla, umucu omncane woboya obude obunjengotshani lwehhashi.
- Isigaba Sesikhombisa - ungabheka inani elincanyana lezinwele ngaphezulu kwezindlebe nasesentanjeni sentamo, futhi ukulahleka okuphelele kwezinwele zonke akunqunyelwe.
Imvamisa, zonke izigaba zokuphehla kwamaphethini wesilisa zenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, inqubo yonke ithatha iminyaka eyi-15, kodwa futhi yenzeka lapho kwenzeka ukuba impandla ephelele ibe yiminyaka emi-5.
I-Alopecia kwabesifazane yathuthuka kancane kakhulu kunakwabesilisa. Ukulahleka ngokuphelele kwezinwele akuyona into ebhekelwa ubulili besifazane, kodwa ukuncipha nokuklabalabala kwesakhiwo sezinwele kungenzeka. Kunezigaba ezi-3 zokulahleka kwezinwele kwabesifazane:
- Isigaba sokuqala ukucekelwa kwezinwele okulinganiselwe, okubonakalayo kungabonakali phakathi komugqa wesikhungo sokuhlukaniswa, kusuka endaweni engaphambili kuye komqhele. Ukubona inani lezinwele akubonakali kangako.
- Isigaba sesibili - ukulahleka okusebenzayo kwenzeka esifundeni se-parietal futhi ukuhlukanisa kube kubanzi. Ngenxa yokulahleka kwezinwele okuqhubekayo, izindawo eziveziwe ziyanda futhi isikhumba siyabonakala.
- Isigaba sesithathu - kukhona izimpandla eziphelele ze-parietal lobe. Kodwa-ke, izinwele ezintsha zingakhula kwezinye izindawo, kepha ukwakheka kwazo kungonakala.
Ukuluka kwephethini yabesifazane kubangelwa i-lesion yanoma iyiphi ingxenye yesikhumba. Lokhu kuvame ukubonwa enkabeni noma eceleni kwesahlukaniso.
- ukungahambi kahle kokuzalwa noma ukukhula kwengqondo yama-follicles wezinwele (ichthyosis, ukungasebenzi kwe-pigment),
- izifo ezithathelwanayo (uchoko, i-leishmaniasis, i-syphilis),
- izinto zomzimba (i-radiation, amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu futhi aphansi, ama-asidi, ukulimala kwemishini),
- umdlavuza wesikhumba
- Izifo ezilandelwayo (i-scleroderma, i-systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis),
- lichen planus.
Nerubtsovaya
- ukumisela ifa
- izifo zomzimba kanye ne-autoimmune
- ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni lwe-endocrine kanye nemetabolism,
- ukunganeli kwegazi okwanele esikhumbeni nasebusweni,
- I-osteochondrosis yomgogodla wesibeletho,
- izifo zomgudu wokugaya ukudla,
- izingcindezi zesikhathi eside, ezibandakanya i-vasospasm nokungondleki kahle kwezikhwanyana zezinwele,
- ezinye izidakamizwa
- ukuvezwa emzimbeni wamakhemikhali wezimboni noma wasendlini, kanye nemisebe.
I-alopecia engeyona eye-cicatricia nayo ihlukaniswe yaba yizixhaso. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
1. I-androgenetic alopecia. Kubhekwa njengendlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yalesi sifo. Lolu hlobo lwempande lubangelwa ukuthi i-testosterone yesidoda yesilisa iguqulwa ibe yi-dihydrotestosterone. Ukwanda kule hormone kunomthelela oqondile kuzinhlamvu zezinwele, okungukuthi, ukudla kwabo okufika ngesikhathi kuyaphela bese kuthi ngemuva kwalokho bafe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngesikhathi sokugeza nokuhlanganisa, izinwele ziphuma ngaphandle ngamandla, ziba brittle futhi zingaphili. Izinwele ezintsha ziba buthaka futhi zithambe. Le nqubo engenampilo ishesha kakhulu, okuholela ngokushesha ekubonakaleni kwamabala empandla ekhanda.
Ungabhala kuzinto eziyingozi futhi ezandisa imbangela enkulu ye-androgenetic alopecia. Lokhu kufaka:
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-hormonal ohlelweni lwe-endocrine,
- ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo
- ukusweleka kwamavithamini namaminerali emzimbeni,
- ingcindezi nengcindezi engokomoya esongela impilo,
- ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile.
- Okwendawo - izindawo ezingenazinwele ziyavela kunoma yiziphi izindawo zekhanda futhi azixhumeki komunye nomunye.
- Imbambo enjenge-Ribbon noma inyoka - isikhungo sempandla sithatha uhlobo lwetheyiphu elihamba emaceleni ekhanda ukusuka kumathempeli kuya emuva kwekhanda.
- I-Subtotal - ibonakala ngokuqina kancane kancane ngokwakhiwa kwe-foci encane, okuthi kamuva ihlanganiswe ibe minkulu. Leli fomu futhi libangela ukulahleka kwama-eyelash kanye namashiya.
- Ingqikithi - izimpandla zenzeka ngejubane lombani (izinyanga ezingama-2-3). Ukulahleka kwezinwele kwenzeka kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba, kufaka phakathi izinkophe namashiya.
- I-Ringworm - kufaka phakathi ukuqhumula izinwele esikhungweni se-pathological ezingeni le-1-2 cm.
- I-Marginal - i-foci engenampilo yenzeka ngasemaphethelweni wesikhumba. Lokhu kungemuva kwekhanda nendawo yethempeli.
- Ukudalula - kubonakaliswa yi-foci ebanzi ye-baldness ngokulondolozwa okungajwayelekile kwemicu yomuntu ngamunye.
- Universal - ukulahlekelwa izinwele emzimbeni wonke, ngaphezulu kweminyaka.
Kule vidiyo, uTrichologist I. Kotova ukhuluma ngohlobo lokudlela i-alopecia, ukubonakaliswa kwayo nezimbangela zayo:
Uma i-alopecia areata ine-etiology ethambile, iqhubeka ngezigaba ezi-3:
- okuqhubekayo - kukhuphuke ukulahleka kwezinwele izinyanga ezingama-5-6. Kungenzeka kube nezimpawu zokuvuvukala - ubomvu, ukulunywa, ukuvutha, ukudonsa,
- ukuma - ukwehlisa izimpawu kanye nokumisa ukulahleka kwezinwele,
- okucasulayo - ukukhula kwezinwele ezintsha kuyabonakala.
Ijubane kanye nenani lokulahleka kwezinwele kuncike ezicini eziningi:
- Ukukhetha kanye nemithamo yemithi,
- ubude kanye nemvamisa yezifundo ze-chemotherapy,
- iminyaka yesineke nesakhiwo sezinwele.
Ukubuyiselwa kwezinwele ezijwayelekile ngeke kube ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezingama-3-6 ngemuva kokwelashwa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ezigulini eziningi ikhwalithi nezinhlobo zezinwele zingashintsha kamuva.
Ukuxilonga
- Ukufundwa kwesizinda se-hormonal (ukuhlolwa kwama-hormone egilo).
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola ukuthi amasistimu amasosha omzimba, kanye nezinto eziqukethe i-iron.
- I-Trichograph, i-Phototrichograph - ucwaningo lwesikhumba, okubandakanya inani lezinwele kanye nesakhiwo sazo, ububanzi bomgodi wezinwele nezinhlamvu.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kokunwetshwa kwezinwele. Donsela ngokucophelela ama-curls ngokungasebenzi futhi ngokuhlola okunempilo kwezinwele kuwa kalula.
- Ucwaningo oluningilizayo ngesakhiwo sezinwele ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.
- I-biopsy yesikhumba.
Nakanjani, zonke izindlela zokuxilonga azisetshenziswa ngokushesha. Ngemuva kokuhlola isikhumba nokucacisa izikhalazo, uchwepheshe wethoyinti uthumela izinqubo ezidingekayo zokuxilonga, abese ekhetha ukwelashwa okufanele okusekelwe emiphumeleni.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
- Izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi - i-Curantil, Solcoseryl, Actovegin.
- Ama-biostimulants okukhula kwezinwele - Minoxidil, Tricomin.
- Amalungiselelo aqukethe i-zinc namavithamini A, E, H neqembu B.
- Ama-Immunomodulators - uLevamisole, u-Inosiplex, u-Echinacea.
- AmaSedatives - Persen, Novopassit.
- Izidakamizwa zeHormonal - I-Prednisone, izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zomlomo abesifazane, izicubu ze-glucorticoid.
Amakhambi esintu
Kunezindlela eziningi ezinhle zokufakazelwa zokulahlekelwa izinwele. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- Imaski yaseBurdock. Udinga ukuthatha u-30 ml wamafutha we-burdock bese ufaka kuwo amagremu ama-50 we-lwesinaphi owomile. Hlanganisa yonke into bese uyifaka esikweleni usikaza inhlanganisela ngokukhululekile. Shiya imizuzu engama-20 bese uhlanza ngamanzi afudumele. Faka lesi maski kanye ngesonto.
- Imaski yoju yezithelo. Thatha u-1 tbsp. l Garlic oqoshiwe kanye 1 tbsp. l uju. Govuza bese uthinta ezimpandeni zezinwele. Shiya ukwakheka kwayo imizuzu engama-20-30, bese emva kwalokho hlambulula ngamanzi apholile.
- Isigaxa sebhiya. Ku-250-300 ml wobhiya wekamelo lokushisa engeza ama-yolks ama-2 enkukhu. Hola kahle kuze kube bushelelezi futhi usebenze ezinweleni, ungakhohlwa ngezimpande. Shiya imizuzu engu-30 bese uhlanza.
- Ingxube yezinyosi. Kule maski udinga i-1 tbsp. l uju, 1-2 tbsp. l ujusi kalamula ne-1 isikhupha seqanda. Zonke izakhi kufanele zihlanganiswa kuze kube bushelelezi futhi zisetshenziselwe izinwele ezihlanzekile. Songa ikhanda lakho ngethawula afudumele bese uhamba naleli khompiyutha ihora. Ukuthuthukisa umphumela, ungangeza 1 isipuni se-pepper tincture. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi, hlambulula ngamanzi afudumele.
- Imaski ka-anyanisi. Gaya u-2 anyanisi kwisimo se-mushy bese ufaka isipuni esingu-1 soju. Hlanganisa konke kahle, faka le ngxube ezinweleni bese uyigcina imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Ngemuva kwalokho hlambulula ngamanzi afudumele.
Ukuze uthole umphumela oyifunayo wamamaski wokukhula kwezinwele, udinga ukukwenza njalo futhi kuguqulwe phakathi komunye nomunye. Kusukela ekukhetheni iresiphi eyodwa kanye nesicelo esisodwa, umphumela ngeke ube.
Ukuvimbela
- Esikhathini esibandayo, okungukuthi ngezinsuku zeqhwa, gqoka isigqoko. Okufanayo kusebenza ezinsukwini ezishisa kakhulu, lapho ukuvezwa isikhathi eside elangeni kudinga i-headgear.
- Ungabandakanyeki ekusebenziseni izomiswa zezinwele, ama-curling irons, izinsimbi ezishisayo, i-hair curlers.
- Ungasebenzisi kabi amabala avamile, izimvume nezinqubo ezifanayo.
- Iba nomjiko onamabhulashi wemvelo futhi ungabi namazinyo abukhali.
- Ngezikhathi ezithile pamper izinwele zakho ngemaski yemifino, ama-decoctions, ama-infusions.
- Gada indlela odla ngayo.
- Gwema izimo ezicindezelayo.
- Phatha zonke izifo ezitholakalayo.
Ukulandela le mihlahlandlela elula kuzogcina izinwele zakho ziphilile futhi ziqinile. Kungcono ukungazibandakanyi ekwelashweni ngokwakho, ngoba lokhu kungalimaza futhi kuphuthe isikhathi esiyigugu. Uma ungabaza, kufanele uthintane ne-trichologist ukuvikela lesi sifo futhi uthathe isikhathi.
Kafushane ngokuthakazelisa
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwamanje kwaziwa njengeNorwood Baldness Scale, empeleni, uHamilton uthathwa njengomsunguli wawo njengamanje. Izinga lempande lakhula ngaye ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-50s, futhi eminyakeni engama-20 kuphela kamuva, bashintsha futhi bangezwa nguDkt Otar Norwood. Ngakho-ke, kwesinye isikhathi ezincwadini sithola ama-baldness esikalini seHamilton-Norwood.
Kungani amadoda eqala ukuba yimpandla?
Ngokusho kososayensi, izinto ezivame kakhulu ezidala ukulahleka kwezinwele emadodeni yilezi:
- Izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala lapho umsoco ofanele wezinwele ume khona. Amabhuleki abe buthaka kakhulu, izinwele ziqala ukuphuma. Ngokukhula kweminyaka, impandla ayithinti kuphela izingxenye zekhanda zangaphambili nezesikhashana, kepha futhi nezimpawu zobugovu nezepariyali. Ngeshwa, ukumisa inqubo enjalo kunzima kakhulu.
- Isakhi sofuzo. Ngeshwa, abameli abaningi bengxenye eqinile yabantu banokulahleka kwezinwele ngofuzo. Ngokumangazayo, ngaphansi kwethonya lama-hormone, amadoda, njengabesifazane, angalahlekelwa izinwele. Imbangela yokugqwala kuleli cala yi-hormone dihydrotestosterone. Umphumela we-hormone futhi uthinta isimo semikhawulo: izinwele ziba ezomile, zingabi namabala, zibe mncane futhi zibe buthaka, ziwe ngaphandle, futhi ezintsha azikhuli.
Amabala weNorwood Baldness
Ama-Trichologists, njengomthetho, ahlukanisa uhlobo lwamaduna ngokwezindlela zeHamilton-Norwood. Lapho uthola isifo, kusetshenziswa imidwebo ekhethekile enquma inani lokulahleka kwemikhawulo.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, ukuhlukaniswa okunjalo kwaqalwa maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 ngudokotela wesikhumba uHamilton, kwathi ngonyaka we-1970 kwashintshwa kancane uDkt Norwood. Usosayensi wesibili wengeze izigaba eziningana zezimpandla kulolu hlaka lwangempela. Kuze kube manje, lesi silinganiso sifaka ama-degree ayisikhombisa empandla ezigulini ezinama-subtypes ahlukile, futhi yikuthi ama-trichologists awasebenzisayo ukuthola inkinga yesiguli.
Cabanga wonke amabanga obuduna besilisa ngokusho kweNorwood.
- 1 degree izimpandla. Kukhona umugqa ojwayelekile ongaphambili wokukhula kwezinwele nokushintshwa kwawo kancane. Ukujula okuncane eceleni komugqa wezinwele, njengomthetho, akunakubonwa kwabanye futhi kutholwa kuphela lapho isiguli sihlolwa yi-trichologist.
- 2 degree izimpandla. Isigaba sesibili ngokusho kweNorwood sifanekiselwa ukwakheka okubizwa ngokuthi yunxantathu, kwehlukaniswa umugqa wangaphambili wokukhula kwezinwele. Njengomthetho, leli fomu lilingana futhi limboza indawo engekho ngaphezu kuka-2 cm ukusuka kulayini ongaphambili wokukhula kwezinwele.
- I-3 degree. Lesi sigaba sempandla sibonakala ngokuncipha okulinganiselwe kwemicu emathempelini. Kungenzeka zombili isimbozo sazo esinezinwele, nokuqina okuphelele kule ndawo. Amachashazi we-Bald anganda ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amabili.
- 3 parietal degree. Ukulahleka kwemichilo kwenzeka endaweni ye-parietal. Lesi sigaba sibonakaliswa ngokuncipha okulinganiselayo kwe-hairline yangaphambili. Ubukhulu bomugqa wangaphambili emathempelini bukhulu ukwedlula ebangeni elidlule.
- I-4 degree. Ukugqwala endaweni engokomoya yesikhashana yangaphandle kubizwa kakhulu kunasemazingeni ama-3. Izinwele ezingefani noma ukuntuleka kwezinwele kubhekwa emqheleni wekhanda. Imvamisa, esigabeni sesine sempandla, izindawo ezimbili zokulahleka kwezinwele zihlukaniswa umucu wemicu eminyene ngokulinganayo egeleza ngaphezu kwekhanda. Imicu, njengomthetho, ixhumeka ezingxenyeni eziseceleni kwekhanda.
- 5 degree. Kulokhu, indawo ye-parietal ye-baldness ihlala ihlukaniswe nesifunda se-anterior temporal, kepha ngezinga elincane. Ekhoneni lekhanda kukhona ukuntuleka kwezinwele noma imicu emincane kakhulu. Futhi esiqongweni sezinwele siba mncane futhi sinqabile. Izindawo ezise-Anterior zesikhashana neze-parietal ziyanda ngosayizi. Ezinhlangothini, izinwele ziphinde zinciphe futhi zakhe isimo sehashi ngemuva kwekhanda.
- 6 degree. Izinwele zakho ezi-sparse ezincane zihlala zihamba nge-apex, phakathi kwezinhlangothi zekhanda. Izindawo ze-parietal ne-anterotemporal zenza isibalo esisodwa futhi azihlukaniswa, indawo yokuncipha kwezinwele iyanda.
- 7 degree. Izinga elikhulu kakhulu lempandla, ngokusho kwesigaba seHamilton-Norwood. Kulesi sigaba, indawo ene-alopecia ebunjwe njengamahhashi ithatha ifomu layo lokugcina, izifunda ezincikene nezisondelene kakhulu nangaphezulu. Izinwele zisebenza ngaphandle ngemuva kwekhanda, ngaphezu kwezindlebe. Izinwele zihlala phezu kwekhanda le-lateral, liwela ngezansi kwekhanda.
Ngaphezu kwesigaba seHamilton-Norwood, izinhlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-baldness zingahlukaniswa:
- Thayipha "iHorseshoe". Impandla iqala nge-lobe yangaphambili futhi yehlela eduze kwamathempeli. Ngemuva kwalokho idlulela kuyo yonke indawo yangaphambili, yenze indawo yokulahlekelwa izinwele efana nehhashi.
- Thayipha "i-Nest". Izindawo zokuvela kweziganga zenzeka ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zekhanda, ngokungafanele, emqheleni wekhanda kuvela indawo efana nesidleke. Le ndlela yokulahlekelwa izinwele kungekudala ithatha isimo sehhashi.
- Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe. Izinwele ziwa ngasikhathi sinye emathempelini nasendaweni yepharietal.
Ungayiphatha kanjani impandla zabesilisa zephethini?
Eqinisweni, kungenzeka futhi kudingekile ukwelapha izimpandla. Into esemqoka ukuthi uphendukele ku-trichologist onolwazi bese uzitholela indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqeda inkinga engatholakali.
Zonke izinketho zokwelashwa zingavezwa ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu:
- Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa. I-trichologist ibeka izivivinyo zendoda futhi, ngokuya ngemiphumela yazo, inquma umuthi ofanele. Njengomthetho, udokotela ubeka inkambo ehlanganisa izidakamizwa ezisuselwa ku-minoxidil - isishukumisi sokukhulisa izinwele. Umuthi osebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu yi-ALERANA® spray. Ngokusho kwezifundo zomtholampilo: ukunyuka kokulahlekelwa izinwele kuyema ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-6 okusebenzisa isifutho kuma-87% amacala.
- Ukufakwa kwezinwele kubhekwa njengenye yezinqubo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kunoma yiliphi ibanga le-baldness. Izinwele zitshalwa kusuka "kunikeli lwabahlinzeki" ziye endaweni ye-alopecia. Ukufakwa emzimbeni kungenziwa ngezindlela zokuhlinzwa nezokuhlinzwa ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa.
- Ukufakelwa kwezinwele kwe-HFE inqubo yokufakelwa kwezinwele yangemakrofoni yamuva. Kubhekwa njengendlela ethuthuka kunazo zonke yokudlulisa imicu.
Kulabo abafuna ukuqinisa izinwele zabo, benze imicu ibe mnene futhi ibe namandla, siphakamisa nokuthi bazame i-Alerana shampoo yamadoda, isishoshovu sokukhula.
Ungayithenga kuphi
Lo mkhiqizo wokupholisa izinwele oqinisayo futhi uqukethe izinto ezikhipha ezenza umsebenzi wezindlala ze-sebaceous zivikeleke, zivimbele ukubonakala kokuqina futhi ziphilise isikhumba.
Izingxenye ezisebenzayo ze-shampoo yilezi:
- uwoyela wetiyi, ovimbela ukulahleka kwezinwele,
- ukukhishwa kwe-sage ne-rosemary, okwenza imisebenzi yezindlala ze-sebaceous,
- isifuba nokukhishwa kwe-ginseng okuzwakalisa isikhumba futhi kusebenze ukuhamba kwegazi,
- ukukhishwa kwe-burdock, okuvimba inqubo yokulahleka kwezinwele futhi kugqugquzele ukukhula kwemicu emisha,
- INiacinamide, ekhuthaza ukugcwala kwegazi, ithuthukise umsoco, igcobise izingcezwana nge-oksijini futhi i-moisturize isikhumba.
Ngakho-ke, manje usazi okuningi ngamazinga wezipuni ze-Norwood futhi unganquma ukuthi inkinga yakho inkulu kangakanani. Musa ukuhlehlisa ukuvakasha kudokotela, phatha impilo yakho ngokucophelela, futhi ama-curls aminyene aqinile azokujabulisa isikhathi eside.
Ukushicilelwa Kwamuva
Inkambo yomswakama: ukubukeza ama-moisturizer ngezinwele
Ukuze uguqule izinwele ezomile nezonakalisiwe, kuzofanela uzame. Ngenhlanhla, ngemikhiqizo yesimanje yokwenza izinto akunakwenzeka. Uma
Ama-Sprays wezinwele - ifomethi ye-Express Moisturizing
Lapho izinwele zidinga ukufakelwa umswakama, akukho kungabaza. Omile, onakalisiwe, ongabekeke kahle futhi omile konke kuyizimpawu zokuntuleka
Whey - kuyini
Ukusebenza kwe-hydration okusebenzayo! I-serum yezinwele ezomile ingumkhiqizo wobuhle onomphumela wokupholisa. Ake sixoxe ngokuthi kusebenza kanjani, kusuka kuliphi
Ama-moisturizing squared: ama-balms ezinwele ezomile
Amafutha ama-moisturizing enzelwe izinwele ezomile. Emizuzwini embalwa emva kokufaka isicelo, izinwele ziyasulwa futhi ziba yindilinga. At
Ukusikeka kwezinwele zomsipha - kubalulekile
Izinwele ezomile zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Imaski enomswakama ekhulisa isikhumba futhi igcwalise izinwele izosiza ukubuyisela isakhiwo nokuvuselela imicu.
Umile kahle! Ama-Shampoos Ama-Moisturizing
Izikhiye ezomile akusona isizathu sokudabukisa, kepha yisizathu sokwenza! Indlela ehlanganisiwe iqala ngokukhethwa kwe-shampoo enhle. Sizokutshela ukuthi yini “iqhinga” lokufaka umswakama
Izimbangela nomehluko enkambeni yamadoda nabesifazane
Okusemqoka Izimbangela ezinesandla ekuveleni kwalesi sifo yilezi:
- ukungalingani kwe-hormonal emzimbeni (ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuncelisa, ngezifo zohlelo lwe-endocrine, njll.),
- ukushoda kwensimbi emzimbeni,
- ukulimala kwesikhumba ngezifo ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta,
- ukucindezelwa okuhleliwe nokungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwezinzwa,
- umphumela wemithi (ukulawulwa kokuzalwa, izidakamizwa ezenzelwe ama-hormone, njll.),
- i-hypothermia ejwayelekile ekhanda,
- ukuchayeka emisebeni, njll.
Ngokuqhathanisa izigaba zokuqina kwezifo kwabesifazane nabesilisa, singawubona umehluko wabo ophawulekile. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezigaba kwekhanda lephethini lowesifazane kulula futhi kufaka izigaba ezintathu kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amacala lapho owesimame ekhombisa izinga lokugcina lempandla ayivelakancane kakhulu.
Izitebele zaseNorwood
Iningi lodokotela basebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa kukaNorwood, okwakhula ngo-1970, ukunquma ubukhulu bezinga lephethini lowesilisa. Sekukonke, lokhu kuhlukaniswa kufaka izigaba ezi-7 zokubonakaliswa kwe-alopecia. Ake sibacabangele ngemininingwane:
- Ngiya esiteji - Ukuqala kwesi sifo futhi kubonakaliswa ngezigxobo ezincane zezimpandla ezivela kulayini wangaphambili wokukhula kwezinwele (ngesimo sonxantathu). Kubonakala njengosuku lwabamele abesilisa abancane kunabo bonke (abaneminyaka engu-18-25 ubudala).
Njengomthetho, kulesi sigaba, kuyaqabukela lapho umuntu enaka inqubo ye-baldness eseqalile, futhi ngenxa yalokho, akukho zinyathelo ezithathwayo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kulesi simo, izindlela ezibalwe ngenhla ngeke zisaba nomphumela. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukufakelwa kwezinwele. Isigaba se-VII - Inwele yonke inhloko. Kusele umucu nje omncane wezinwele, welula kusuka endlebeni uye endlebeni yekhanda.
Lesi sigaba sibi kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile kulokhu akukho zindlela ezizosiza, noma ukufakelwa kwezinwele, ngoba akukho lutho olusele kule nqubo. Ukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma kulesi simo ukugqoka i-wig.
Ngokushesha lapho indoda ibona izimpawu zokuqala zokuphanza, imali eningi engayisebenzisa ukulwa nalesi sifo.
Ukulawulwa Kokulahleka Kwezinwele
Ngakho-ke, ezigabeni 1, 2, 3, 4, no-5, njengezindlela zokulwa nempandla kufanelekile:
- izimonyo (ama-shampoos, ama-lotion, ama-balms),
- amalungiselelo akhethekileezikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele (isibonelo, i-Dimexide, i-Nicotinic acid, i-D-Panthenol, njll.),
- imijovo esikhumba,
- futhi umuthi wendabuko (ama-tincture, imaski, njll.).
Futhi kubalulekile ukuba indoda idle umsoco ofanele, ezingagcwala umzimba nazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo zomkhondo. Futhi, akukubi kakhulu ukuphuza inkambiso yamavithamini ezoqinisa umzimba futhi uzame ukugwema ukucindezela.
Inqubo yokubhala phansi
Kwezinye izimo, i-alopecia ingahle icindezele. Lo mkhuba ubonakala ngokugudla okugxile ekuhambeni - ukubonakala kwezindawo ezi-baldness ezithile ezinesimo esiyindilinga.
Inkambo yalolu hlobo lwe-alopecia ezimweni eziningi i-benign, okungukuthi, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-6, izihlahla zamakhanda kancane kancane zanda izinwele.
Ngakho isigaba sokuphinda ubonwe ngezigaba ezilandelayo:
- Izinwele ezingenamabala ezingenamibala zivele endaweni yohlaka lwezinwele oluhlelekile, ngesimo sesibhamu.
- Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-fluff iyaqina, ithola umbala omnyama bese iphenduka izinwele ezigcwele.
Imvamisa, ukukhula kwezinwele esiteji sokuphinda kubuye kungalingani, okungukuthi, ekuqaleni ungabuka ukukhula okusebenzayo kwezinwele kumakhanda amadala asezindongeni, kuyilapho i-fluff igcinwa kwezinye izindawo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi, zonke izindawo ezithinteka yi-alopecia ziyagcwala futhi kutholakala ukwelashwa okuphelele.
Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo asikwazi ukuqalwa futhi kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukuze kususwe izimpawu zokuqala ze-alopecia. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ezimweni eziningi, isisusa sokulahleka kwezinwele sidluliselwa ezingeni lofuzo, ngakho-ke kulokhu, ukwelashwa akunangqondo.
Ukuqina okuyimpandla
Uma sibheka zonke izinhlobo zezimpandla emadodeni, okulandelayo okuvame kakhulu kubhekwa njengokusebenzisa i-alopecia, okungadalwa yithonya elinolaka lezinto zangaphandle. Isici esiyingqayizivele salolu hlobo lwenkinga yezinwele ukulahleka okufana kwezinwele kulo lonke ikhanda. Kuze kube manje, izindlela ezimbili ze-disuse alopecia zibhekwa emkhakheni wezokwelapha - ifomu le-telogen nefomu le-anagen.
Ifomu leTelogen
Uma izici ezingezinhle zithinta isikhumba nezimpande zezinwele, izinhlamvu zezinwele ziya esigabeni sokuphumula, esibizwa ngokuthi isigaba se-telogen kwezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, ngokwezinkomba ezijwayelekile, cishe u-15% wesikhumba kufanele abe sesiteji se-telogen, kepha ngokuxilongwa kwe -useuse telogen alopecia, odokotela baxilonga u-80% wezinwele ekuphumuleni kwesikhathi eside.
Izimbangela ze-telogen disuse alopecia zingokulandelayo:
- imithwalo yemizwa, ukucindezela, ukweqisa kwengqondo ngendlela engapheli,
- ukudla okuphansi kwamaprotheni
- ukuntuleka kwamavithamini
- izifo ezingama-acute, ezingamahlalakhona, ezi-somatic, ezihlelekile nezifo,
- ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwama-antibhayabhithi, ama-antidepressants, ama-antipsychotic, izidakamizwa ze-antitumor, njll,
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal kanye nesifo se-thyroid.
Ifomu le-Anagen
Uma sibheka indlela ye-anagen ye -useuse ye-alopecia, odokotela bakhuluma ngomphumela olimazayo wezinto ezinolaka ezinweleni, ngenxa yalokho abanaso isikhathi sokungena esigabeni sokuphumula, bewela esigabeni sokukhula kwe-anagen. Kulokhu, kunesikhathi eside phakathi kwethonya elinolaka lezinto nokuqala kokulahlekelwa izinwele.
Izimbangela zefomu le-anagen zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:
- izimo ezingezinhle zemvelo
- ukudakwa komzimba
- imisebe, ichemotherapy,
- umphumela wemisebe
- ukwelashwa ngemithi enobuthi chemotherapeutic.
Ukwelashwa Okulahlekelwe Kwezinwele
Naphezu kokukhangisa ngezindlela nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene, ama-trichologists agcizelela ukuthi ukusebenzisa impandla noma ama degree ayo okuqala awaphathwa kanjalo. Iqiniso ngukuthi, yize bekunezigameko ezingezinhle ezinezinwele, amasimende nezinwele zezinwele ngokwazo kusebenza njengakuqala. Futhi akukho amaphuzu lapho kuzodingeka khona ukuthonya izidakamizwa nezinqubo.
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-alopecia ehlukile ukuhlonza izimbangela zezinkinga zezinwele nokuqeda izingxibongo. Ngemuva kwalokhu, indoda ekhaya ingasheshisa ukubuyiselwa kwezinwele isebenzisa amakhambi abantu. Futhi, udokotela angakwazi ukunquma ama-lotion ekhemisi, izixazululo, ama-shampoos namafutha okugcoba ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele, aqinise izimpande nokwakheka kwezinwele. Izikhuthazo zokukhula ezinhle kakhulu yi-tricomin ne-foligen ngezindlela zokufafaza, i-shampoo ne-conditioner.
Fopal (nest) i-alopecia
I-alopecia ye-Focal luhlobo olungajwayelekile lwe-alopecia yesilisa, olwenzeka kuphela ezi-5% zamacala ezifo zesikhumba. Kunganqunywa ngezimpawu zokuthi i-alopecia iqala ukwakheka kanjani. Okokuqala, ukuncipha kwezinwele kancane kancane kubhekwa engxenyeni eyodwa noma eziningana zekhanda, ngemuva kwalokho ungabona nxazonke, ngisho nezindawo zezindawo zezimpandla ngemuva kwekhanda.
Izimbangela zesifo
I-etiology ye-alopecia egxile kusacwaninga ngochwepheshe, odokotela baphawula lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- ifa
- hypo-, hyper- noma ukuntuleka kwevithamini,
- ukukhiqizwa okwandayo kwe-dihydrotestosterone,
- izifo ezingapheli kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane,
- izifo zokugaya
- Isiphambeko sokuzalwa komuntu,
- ukuxhumana isikhathi eside nezinto zamakhemikhali nezinobuthi, imisebe nemisebe,
- ukungasebenzi kahle komzimba
- ukugcwala ngokweqile kwesizinda se-psychoemotional, ukucindezela, ukucindezelwa,
- chemotherapy
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezinamandla, ngokwesibonelo, ama-antipsychotic, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye nama-antitumor, ama-antibiotics, ama-antidepressants, njll,
- imikhuba emibi nokungondleki kahle, impilo yokuhlala,
- izinqubo ze-autoimmune emzimbeni.
Izigaba ze-alopecia areata
Izimpawu nokubonakaliswa komtholampilo kuzosiza ekuboneni izigaba zokukhula kwe-alopecia areata, kanye ne-trichologist eyaziyo ngokuqinisekile ukuthi inganqunywa kanjani isigaba sesifo. Izigaba ze-alopecia zingaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- isigaba esisebenzayo - isiguli singathola ukuvuvukala kanye ne-hyperemia, ukulunywa kanye nomuzwa ovuthayo endaweni yokulahleka kwezinwele, nezinwele ngokwazo zihlukaniswe kalula esikhunjeni ngokuxhumana nazo,
- isigaba sesiteshi - endaweni yokulahleka kwezinwele, ibala eliphaphathekile ngaphandle kwezinwele liyabonakala, izimpande zezinwele ezijwayelekile nezikhonkwane ziyabonakala emngceleni,
- isigaba sokuxolelwa - endaweni yeziqalo zezinduna, ukubonakala kwezinwele zekanoni kuyabonakala, kepha ngombala onganele.
Ngaphezu koshintsho esimweni sezinwele, odokotela bavame ukuxilonga izinguquko kupuleti lwezipikili, okungukuthi indawo engenamsoco, imifino ejulile, amabala anemibala emhlophe, ukuqina kwamazipho nokuqothuka. Uma udokotela ebheka ukwanda okuphelele kwe-alopecia areata, ezimweni ezingama-95% kuzoba nezinkinga ngezipikili.
Ukwelashwa kokuqina kwenduna
Akunandaba ukuthi yiziphi izigaba zokuqina kwe-alopecia egxile ezibonwa esigulini, izindlela zokwelapha zizobe zibanzi futhi zenziwe ngezigaba. Okokuqala, izimbangela ze-alopecia zinqunywa, maqondana nokwelashwa okulungiswa ngalo. Kungaba njengokulandelayo:
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormonal agents we-prednisone noma ama-glucocorticoids,
- ukwelashwa ukuze kubuyiswe ibhalansi yama-hormone ocansi,
- ukwelashwa kwendawo ukuvuselela i-hairline ngokuvuselela ama-follicle, ukukhula okuvusayo,
- ukusetshenziswa kwamakhambi abantu ukuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezinwele (imaski enesinaphi nepelepele ebomvu, imaski kawoyela nama-herbal conditioners),
- ukulungiswa kwesimo sokungazeleleki,
- izindlela zomzimba zokwandisa ukusebenza kwezokwelapha, ngokwesibonelo, ukuqina kwamehlo, ukuvusa kwamanje, i-mesotherapy, ukubhucungwa, njll,
- ukulungiswa kokudla nendlela yokuphila.
Ukubhekisisa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe endodeni ekhetha izimonyo. I-trichologist ingabeka ama-shampoos, ama-balms, ama-lotion kanye nezixazululo zokwelashwa kwezinwele eziphezulu eziqukethe izakhi ezisheshisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Ngenxa yalomphumela, ukondliwa kwezimpande zezinwele kusunguliwe, kanti nama-follicles okulala nawo ayavuswa.
I-Cicatricial alopecia
I-alicecia ye-Cicatricial ihambisana nokulahleka okukhulu kwezinwele ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-cicatricial atrophic egxile esikhumbeni. Okusho ukuthi, ngamagama alula, kuzoba i-alopecia ebuhlungu, icasulwe yizici zangaphandle nezangaphakathi. Ukwehla kungabangelwa amanxeba nokusikeka, futhi kungaba ngumphumela wezifo ezithathelanayo noma ezithathelanayo ezithinta izingcezu zezinwele, uzishiya ngemuva kokuhlangana.
Izimbangela ze-acopecia alopecia zingaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- ukutholwa okungalungile noma okuvela kabusha kwezikhombo zezinwele,
- ukutheleleka kanzima, isibonelo, i-syphilis, i-leishmaniasis, uchoko, njll.
- umdlavuza neoplasms,
- ama-provocateurs omzimba, ngokwesibonelo, ukuvezwa kumazinga okushisa, emisebeni, kuma-asidi, ukulimala kwemishini,
- Izifo ezisheshayo, kungaba yi-sarcoidosis, i-lupus erythematosus, i-scleroderma, njll.
- lichen planus.
Uma indoda inesibalo sokuqala se-cicatricial alopecia, izindawo ezinamakhaza ezimpandla ezincane ezinobukhulu zingabonakala kancane esikhumbeni. Uma i-foci ebonakalayo neyandisiwe ibonakala, ingaba yi-alopecia 2 degrees. Isiguli sizozwa ukungakhululeki, ukuvutha kanye ukulunywa kulezi zindawo, ngokubhekene nesizinda sokuvela kokuvuvukala, ukhunta, ukoma nokuqaqamba kwesikhumba kungenzeka. Lapho-ke zonke izibonakaliso nezimpawu ziyanyamalala, kusale umugqa wezinwele ophumelelayo.
Odokotela bagcizelela ukuthi i-alopecia ye-cicatricial iyinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu yezinwele engafinyeleleki nakancane ekwelashweni okulondoloziwe. Ngokuzimisela okunembile kwezimbangela ze-alopecia esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwayo inqubo inqubo ye-pathological ingamiswa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzokwazi ukubuyisela ukukhula okudlulile kwezinwele kuphela ngokwedlulele - ukufakelwa kwezinwele kusuka kusiza esinikelayo. Kodwa ngisho nalapha, ukubikezela kuzoba nengqondo enkulu, noma ngabe izicubu esikhunjeni esinqabile zizoqala izimpande akwaziwa.
Ukwazi kuphela izimpawu zokuqala ze-alopecia, indoda izokwazi ukubonana nodokotela ngesikhathi esifanele ukuvimba inqubo ye-pathological. Ukwazi kuphela izimbangela zokulahlekelwa izinwele, i-trichologist izokwazi ukukhetha inkambo ephumelelayo yokwelashwa, ibuyisele impilo yezinwele zesiguli. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-androgenic ne-diffuse ye-alopecia zinobunzima ngokwelapha i-alopecia ye-alopecia.
Kungani i-alopecia yenzeka?
Indaba yokugqwala phakathi kwamadoda ibaluleke kakhulu namuhla futhi iyinombolo yenkinga 1. Ekhuluma ngokuqina kwephethini yabesilisa, izici eziningana ezibalulekile ezisebenzayo kufanele zibhekwe ezinomthelela oqondile futhi obalulekile kule nqubo. Lezi zinto zibangelwa:
- ifa lokuzalwa
- ama-hormone athile
- ngeminyaka.
Isici sokuqala - ifa lokuzalwa lijwayelekile emikhubeni yezokwelapha futhi lithinta kakhulu ubulili obunamandla. Endabeni yezakhi zofuzo, lesi sifo kunzima ukuselapha futhi singathinta umuntu esemncane, esondele eminyakeni engama-20. Ubunqunu buzelwe ifa ngokwemvelo, kudlula ngokuqinile kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye.
Isici se-hormonal singenxa yobuningi be-dihydrotestosterone emzimbeni womuntu wesilisa, onomthelela owonakalisayo nowonakalisayo kuma-follicles wezinwele, ophazamisa ukukhula kwezinwele okujwayelekile. Kwezinye izimo, ukusabela okunganele kwezimpawu zezinwele ku-dihydrotestosterone kuyabonakala, ngenxa yalokho izinwele zimisiwe, ziba buthakathaka, zithambe futhi zingabi nombala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukwelapha kunikeza umphumela omuhle uma isiguli sihlela ukubiza okufika ngesikhathi kudokotela ekuqaleni kokukhula kwalesi sifo, lapho inqubo yokulahlekelwa ithinta ingxenye engaphambili kuphela. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe ukujamisa izinga le-dihydrotestosterone ngokusetshenziswa okufanayo kwezinye izinqubo zokwelapha.
Futhi ekugcineni, isici sokugcina unyaka. Ngeshwa, ngokuguga, cishe ama-95% abesilisa abhekana nenqubo yokuqina ngenxa yokuvezwa kanyekanye kwezinto ezithile, kanye nokungakwazi kwezinye follicles zezinwele ukwenza imisebenzi yazo, ikakhulukazi, izinwele ezondlayo futhi zivuse ukukhula kwazo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izinwele ezingxenyeni zangaphambili, zesikhashana, zepariyali kanye ne-occipital ziqala ukuba mncane noma ekugcineni ziqhume, zande indawo yokuqina.
Ukuhlukaniswa kweHamilton-Norwood Alopecia
Ngokuya ngezigaba ezikhona, kukhona ama-degree angu-7 we-baldness of male:
- I-degree yokuqala (isigaba 1) ibonakala ngokujula okuncane (ukulahlekelwa izinwele) eduze komugqa wezinwele, ikakhulukazi ebunzini nasethempelini,
- Idigri yesibili (isigaba 2) ibonakala ngeqiniso lokuthi ukulahleka kwezinwele emgqeni wazo wangaphambili kubuye kuthathe ukwakheka okungunxantathu ezindaweni ezingaphambili nezesikhashana. Indawo yokuzilibazisa ingahle ibe nobunjani bobabili bokulingana nobungalingani. Ukujula (ulwelwe) kumboza indawo engeqi kuma-2 cm ukusuka kulayini ongaphambili wokukhula kwezinwele. Izinwele zivele ziphele noma ziqabuke esifundeni se-parietal, kepha zihluka ngobukhulu kusuka ezingxenyeni zangaphambili nezesikhashana,
- Idigri yesithathu (isigaba 3) kungenxa yezinga elikhulu kakhulu lokulahleka kwezinwele endaweni ethathwa njengempandla. Kuqapheleka iziqalo ezijulile zangaphambili nezesikhashana, kuvame ukumbozwa izinwele ngokulinganayo. Kulesi sigaba, iziqaqa zezandla ziyanda ukusuka ku-hairline ngokuya ngaphezu kuka-2 cm,
- I-degree yesithathu (isigaba 3A - vertex) ibonakala ngokulahleka kwezinwele ikakhulu emqheleni. I-alopecia encane yangaphambili ingabhekwa, kepha ayidluli indawo yokuphanza okwacatshangelwa esigabeni esedlule. Imvamisa ukulahleka kwezinwele komlomo kuhlotshaniswa nobudala, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi esemncane, ukuqala kwenqubo kungabonakala,
- I-degree yesine (isigaba 4) ibangelwa i-alopecia enobunzima obukhulu ne-frontotemporal kunasezigabeni ezedlule. Endaweni yomqhele, izinwele zithola ukulahleka okuyingxenye noma okuphelele. Futhi yize izindawo zangaphambili nomqhele zinkulu, kodwa-ke, zihlukaniswe omunye nomunye ngezinwele, zixhuma ngokuphelele umngcele wezinwele zombili izinhloko zekhanda,
- Izinga lesihlanu (isigaba 5) linqunywa yiqiniso lokuthi indawo yama-vertex yokulahleka kwezinwele ihlukaniswe nesifunda se-frontotemporal. Izinwele phakathi kwabo, zenza umucu omncane, ziba mbalwa. Inqubo yokuphephuka ihlanganisa indawo enkulu, ngenxa yokuthi kwakheka futhi kwaqalwa ifomu lezinwele,
- Izinga lesithupha (isigaba 6) libonakaliswa ngokuthi umucu wezinwele owabe usahlukanisa izindawo ezingaphambili nomqhele manje sezilahlekile. Ngakho-ke, izindawo ezihlanganayo ne-vertex ziyahlangana, zakha indawo evamile nenkulu ye-bald,
- Isiqu seSikhombisa (isigaba 7) siyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yempandla lowesilisa. Kukhona impandla ephelele endaweni, kusukela ebunzini kuya ekugcineni ngomhlane wekhanda. Izinwele zihlala kuphela phezu kwekhanda elilandelanayo lekhanda (indawo yezindlebe) bese ifinyelela emuva, iwele ngezansi kwekhanda emuva.
Endabeni yabesifazane, inqubo ye-baldness inesithombe esihlukile. Ngokungafani nabesilisa, izimpandla ziqala ukusondela eminyakeni engu-30 ubudala futhi zihlala iminyaka engu-50. Ukuncipha kwezinwele kuyasebenza futhi kuhlala isikhathi eside. Ukuluka okuphelele akwenzeki, kodwa izinwele endaweni ezitholakala ngokucophelela ngokucophelela. Njengasemadodeni, indawo eyandisiwe iyizingxenye zangaphezulu, zesikhashana nezokusebenzelana nemimoya.
Izimbangela eziphambili ze-alopecia kwabesifazane kuleli cala yilezi:
- ushintsho lwamahomoni, okungukuthi, lapho abesifazane besebenzisa ngqo inzalo yokuvimbela inzalo,
- isikhathi sangemva kokubeletha, lapho kwenzeka buthaka uphawu lomasosha omzimba,
- ukuya esikhathini noma isikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
Lezi zimbangela zempandla zibonwa kwabesifazane ngqo abaneminyaka engama-30 kuye kwengama-50.
Ukufakelwa izinwele ezingakanani
Kwamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi uma androgenetic alopecia ukulahleka kwezinwele emadodeni nakwabesifazane kuyahlukahluka ekubonakalisweni kwemitholampilo, maqondana nakho, ukuthola izinga lempandla yabesilisa, kusetshenziswa isigaba Norwood, kanye nokuhlukaniswa Ludwig ukunquma izinga lokulahleka kwezinwele kwabesifazane.
I-HFE yezinwele ezingafakwanga ukuhlinzwa ngokuphelele ilungele wonke umuntu, ngoba ikuvumela ukuba:
1. Ukuziphatha okuncane nokuncane okuncane ukufakelwa kwezinwele (degree 1, ama-foci amancane, izibazi), kanye nokukhulu (degree 4, 5, 6, 7 ngokusho kukaNorwood) - emahoreni ambalwa nje,
2. Vikela ikhanda lakho nesikhumba kusuka emabangeni nasezibazi, naku-edema yangemuva kokusebenza kanye nokubanga isikhumba nezinyanga zokulimala kwekhanda,
3. Hlukanisa lokho okufakelwe kube izinqubo ezi-2 ngisho nezingu-3, ngoba azikho izehlo, akukho zibazi, ezilungele ikakhulukazi uma:
- Ungabekezeleli amahora amaningi wokuphazanyiswa empilweni yomzimba,
- ukungakwazi ukukhokha ngokwezezimali izindleko zokufakelwa kwezinwele ezinkulu ngokushesha.
4. Ukukhombisa ukwakheka kwekhanda lakho elizayo kuzo zonke izinwele,
5. Ukufinyelela ubukhulu bendawo yemvelo - kuze kufike ezinweleni ezingama-75-80 nge-1 cm 2,
6. Gcina ngayinye yezinwele zakho zendabuko, njengoba amathuluzi amancane athambile futhi ekwazi ukudlulisa izinto ezifakwa eduzane nezinwele zawo zokuzalwa ngaphandle kokuzilimaza,
7. Gcina isikhathi sakho, ngoba ngemuva kwenqubo:
- ayisaboshelwe emtholampilo (ukuguqula indlela agqoke ngayo, ukwelashwa kwekhanda kanye nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha akudingekile, njalonjalo),
- gcina ukubukeka kwakho kungokwemvelo, ngoba ngemuva kokufakelwa awusenayo i-edema yangemva kokuhlukumezeka, ukulimala, ikhanda kanye nesilonda sokupholisa eside ekhanda lakho,
- uhole isigqi esijwayelekile sempilo futhi ungalahli amandla akho okusebenza.
8. Indawo yokunikela ayonakalanga (ayinqunwanga) futhi, uma kunesidingo (uma izinwele zakho zomdabu ziyaqhubeka ukuphuma), inqubo ingenziwa kaninginingi,
9. Gcina isimo sakho ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo sokugcwala (ngendlela, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, isibazi singagcini nje ngokuphulukisa izinyanga ezingama-3-6, kodwa futhi sihlala sisekhanda lakho impilo yonke, nangemva kwenqubo) Hfe ama-micro-amanxeba apholisa ngezinsuku ezingama-3-5, kungashiyi monakalo obonakalayo).
Izinga lokulahleka kwezinwele emadodeni
Namuhla, ukuhlukaniswa kukaNorwood kufaka ama-degree angu-7 we-alopecia yesilisa ne-androgenetic ene-subtypes eminingana. I-Degree 0 (Fig. 0) ayifakiwe kuhlu, kepha sizoyisebenzisa njengendinganiso - ngesithombe esiphelele sendoda okufanele ibukeke, izinwele zayo ezingaphansi kwe-androgenetic alopecia.
U-fig. 0
Khetha uhlobo lwakho (idigri) lokulahleka kwezinwele ukuze ujwayelane nezici zokulahleka kwezinwele nokubuyiselwa kwazo ngenqubo ye-HFE engeyona yokuhlinzwa.
I-Androgenetic genetic Alopecia (AHA):
Ukuhlukaniswa okuthandwa kakhulu nokwamukelwa kakhulu ekulahlekelweni kwezinwele kwe-androgenic ngohlobo lowesifazane uhlelo lweLudwig, olwahlongozwa ngo-1977.
Lolu hlobo lokulahleka kwezinwele kungenzeka phakathi kokushintsha kwe-hormonal, okungukuthi: lapho usebenzisa izivimbamakhambi ezisetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele, ngemuva kokubeletha, kokuya esikhathini futhi / noma emva kwayo.
Ukulahleka kwezinwele kwabesifazane bohlobo lwe-androgenetic kubonakaliswa ukuba khona kwesilonda sokuncipha kwezinwele esifundeni esimaphakathi se-parietal, esinezinhlaka ezi-oval. Isibonakaliso esibonakalayo ukungabikho kwezimpandla emathempelini futhi udinga ibunzi. Ukulahleka kwezinwele kwenzeka ngokungafaniyo futhi kuqapheleke kamuva kunasemadodeni, imvamisa phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-30 no-50.
I-Cicatricial and traction alopecia:
Imbangela yesibili evame kakhulu yokufakelwa kwezinwele kwabesifazane ukungabi yinyama nokwezigigaba.Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zifaka i-traction alopecia (izinwele ezidonsa ngokuqinile, ama-braids ase-Afrika, egqoke "izandiso" noma izandiso zezinwele, njll.) Kanye nezibazi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-neurosuction neplastiki (isiyingi se-facelift, njalonjalo).
Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-alopecia ye-cicatricial esigabeni se-Alopecia.
I-HFE ye-non-surge transplantation inqubo evumela ukuthi uvale ngokuphelele indawo yokulahleka kwezinwele, kanye nokufakelwa kwezinwele endaweni yezimpawu ezikhona. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ukusinda kwezinwele kuzicubu ezinciphile kuncishiswa kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhumba esisezingeni eliphezulu futhi kungaphezu kuka-65-70%.
Ngokusho kwesigaba sikaLudwig, ama-degree ama-3 okulahleka kwezinwele ahlukaniswa.
Ibanga 1. Iningi labesifazane bezimpandla basesikolweni sokuqala seLudwig. Imvamisa lesi sigaba sokulahlekelwa izinwele sibonisa abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ubudala. Kunezikhathi lapho ukulahleka kwezinwele kuqala khona eneminyaka eyi-17-18. Ezigabeni zokuqala, izinwele ezinwebekile zingathinta ingxenye engaphambili-enkabeni yekhanda, zingafinyeleli ekhanda, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuphela yindawo yephariyali, ngaphandle kokuthinta ingxenye ephakathi yekhanda. Ngalesi simo se-alopecia, kuvame ukuboniswa ukufakelwa kwe-700-1100 FU. Ngesiqu sokuqala esishiwo, izikhala zibhekwa kuyo yonke indawo ephakathi yephariyali. Phakathi kwezinwele ezinempilo ngokuphelele, kutholakala izinwele ezibuthakathaka futhi ezinamathele. Ezingeni lokuqala lokulahlekelwa izinwele, izinhlangano eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-1,1,5,5 ze-follicular ziyadingeka ukuze kudluliselwe.
Ibanga 2. Uma inani lezikhala ekhanda landa, khona-ke isigaba sesibili se-alopecia sowesifazane senzeka. Ukulahleka kwezinwele kuyabonakala ikakhulukazi uma owesifazane egqoke izinwele ezihlukanisa phakathi noma zezinwele ezibushelelezi, njenge-ponytail. I-degree yesibili ye-alopecia iboniswa hhayi kuphela ngokwanda kwenani lezikhala esifundeni esiphakathi sephariyali, kodwa futhi nenani elikhulu lezinwele ezenzelwe ukunwebeka. Isigaba sesibili sibonisa ikakhulukazi abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-35 nangaphezulu. Ukuze uqede imiphumela ye-alopecia ye-gradation yesibili, kudingeka i-1,7-2,5 izinkulungwane ze-FU.
Ibanga 3. Izinga lesithathu lokulahleka kwezinwele lingukuhluka okungafani kakhulu kwe-alopecia yabesifazane, lapho kukhonjiswa izinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu noma ngaphezulu kwe-FU noma ngaphezulu. Ukucwilisa kuthatha indawo yonke ephakathi yephariyali, nezinwele ezisele ziyanwebeka kangangoba azibonakali futhi zifana kakhulu nezinwele ezifiphele. Esigabeni sesithathu sokuncipha, i-hairline yokuqala iyashintsha: phakathi nendawo, empeleni ayikho.
Ukulungiselela ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kokufakelwa kwezinwele, izinsimbi ze-microsuction, ukubulala izinzwa kwasendaweni, indlela yokukhiqiza ukufakelwa, ukufakwa kwezinwele ezitholakele kanye nokufakwa kwazo akufani kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi abesifazane kwesinye isikhathi baba nokuqala kwesikhathi kokukhula kwezinwele (izinyanga ezi-3-4) ngemuva kokufakelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yezici zomzimba womuntu wesifazane.
I-Dropout FAQ
izinwele emadodeni
Ngizibandakanye ekuqeqesheni isisindo futhi manje ngifundisa ukuqeqeshwa kwangaphambili. Kuzoqhubeka cishe izinyanga ezi-2, ngakho-ke angifuni ukuhlehlisa lolu daba isikhathi eside kangaka. Ngizodinga isikhathi esingakanani ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, futhi ngokuvamile ngizodinga ukuthatha ikhefu kwezemidlalo?
Ntambama enhle, ngitshele, ngemuva kokufakelwa kwezinwele, ungaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-minoxidil, wenze isicubu sekhanda ukuze ulondoloze izinwele zakho. Futhi ukuthi lokhu kuzothinta kanjani izinwele ezifakwayo.
Ukubuyekezwa kweziguli
Hfe
Jura, Agasti 8, 2018 Usuku oluhle! Ukucabanga ukukuvakashela.
Ilya. I-Krasnodar, Julayi 13, 2018 Ngifuna ukuphinda ngibonge kakhulu kubo bonke abasebenzi basemtholampilo! Sibonga ngokukhethekile kudokotela u-Oksana Nikolaevna! Ungenze izikhathi ezi-3.
Umqondisi Wezentengiso Yemtholampilo
I-HFE, i-Trichologist ehola phambili
